通讯员 据路透社3月2日伦敦报道，去年全球经济猛跌时，人们争相储存大量非必需的原油和原油产品，但价格上涨和对需求的乐观情绪促使储存合约被迅速解除。
马基特(IHS Markit)预计显示，截至2月底，固定油轮上存放10天以上的成品油量为1,920万桶，较去年5月的峰值8,400万桶下降了77%。
欧佩克及欧佩克＋密切关注全球库存，减产速度将是其在周四举行的产出政策会议上讨论的主要因素。
一年前，交易商还在努力追寻储存空间，随着燃料消耗的大幅下降，储存价格飙升。去年5月，成品油轮的收益激增至创纪录的每天10万美元以上，而目前的收益还不到1万美元。
斯堪的纳维亚半岛偏远的盐穴和未使用的美国管道和火车被投入使用。
石油经纪人称，但现在，在欧洲西北部、地中海、中东和北美地区，储存能力又开始恢复。
鹿特丹ODIN-RVB储存解决方案公司经纪人Krien van Beek称：“各方已发出通知，要求在4月至5月终止合同。”
现货价格高于远期交割的现货溢价，鼓励交易商减少石油供应并迅速出售。
Refinitiv数据显示，在欧洲，6个月期柴油价差在2月19日达到每吨8美元，为13个月来最大现货溢价。
去年4月，当全球人口流动受到严格限制时，这一价差曾低至每吨负92美元。
据ODIN-RVB 储存解决方案公司称，储存能力预计将在第二季度开始使用，特别是在斯堪的纳维亚半岛。
2月19日，6个月期美国柴油期货价差达到每加仑4.35美分，为2020年1月以来的最高水平。去年3月初，其价差为负3.2美分。
纽约商品交易所(New York Mercantile Exchange)的柴油期货基准也处于现货溢价状态。4月份交割的柴油价格比5月份的每加仑高出0.5美分左右。一年前，它还存在期货溢价，比5月份的合约价格每加仑低0.2美分左右。
美国能源信息署(EIA)数据显示，截至2月19日当周，美国馏分油库存降至1.527亿桶，为2020年底以来最低水平。
裘寅 编译自 路透社
原文如下：
Oil optimism unwinding market's mad dash for storage
When the world economy slammed on the brakes last year, there was a rush to store a wave of unwanted crude and products, but rising prices and optimism about demand is spurring a swift unwinding of storage contracts.
At the end of February, the volume of refined products held on stationary tankers for over 10 days stood at 19.2 million barrels, down 77% from a peak of 84 million last May, IHS Markit estimates show.
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, a group known as OPEC+, closely monitors global inventories, and the rate of drawdowns will be a major factor discussed when it meets on output policy on Thursday.
A year ago, traders were struggling to find storage capacity, and prices for it surged as fuel consumption plummeted. Earnings for product tankers surged to record highs above $100,000 a day last May versus less than $10,000 currently.
Remote salt caverns in Scandinavia and unused U.S. pipelines and railcars were pressed into service.
But now, capacity is again becoming available, in Northwestern Europe, the Mediterranean, Middle East and North America, brokers said.
“Parties are giving notice to terminate contracts by April-May,” said Krien van Beek, a broker at ODIN-RVB Tank Storage Solutions in Rotterdam.
Backwardation, where spot prices are higher than for later delivery, encourages traders to draw down oil supplies and sell promptly.
In Europe, the six-month diesel spread reached $8 a tonne on February 19 in its biggest backwardation in 13 months, Refinitiv data showed.
The spread was as low as minus $92 a tonne last April, when the world population went under strict lockdowns.
Storage capacity is expected to become available in the second quarter, especially in Scandinavia, according to ODIN-RVB Tank Storage.
The six-month U.S. diesel futures spread reached 4.35 cents per gallon on Feb. 19, its highest since January 2020. At the start of last March, it stood at minus 3.2 cents.
The diesel futures benchmark on the New York Mercantile Exchange is also in backwardation. Diesel for April delivery was trading at around 0.5 cent per gallon more than for May. A year ago, it was in contango, trading at about 0.2 cent per gallon less than the May contract.
U.S. distillate inventories in the week to Feb. 19 fell to 152.7 million barrels, their lowest since the end of 2020, Energy Information Administration data showed.
