据能源之声3月24日消息，澳大利亚著名油气生产商桑托斯(Santos)授予了其在澳大利亚北部36亿美元的巴罗萨LNG项目的最大合同，该项目将对达尔文LNG进行回填。这是一个强烈的信号，表明该计划即将获得最终批准。
桑托斯今天表示，BW Offshore将建造、连接和运营浮式生产储存和卸载(FPSO)船。该交易将取决于最终投资决定(FID)，预计将在几周内完成。该交易标志着巴罗萨海上天然气和凝析油项目的最大资本支出，该项目旨在回填老化的达尔文LNG出口终端。
根据一项混合融资协议，合资公司巴罗萨将在预付约一半的资本成本的前提下租赁FPSO，并持有收购浮船的选择权。桑托斯表示，这“实现了大约10亿美元的总资本支出削减”。
桑托斯首席执行官Kevin Gallagher表示:“资本支出的减少使巴罗萨成为世界上LNG供应成本最低的项目之一，并将为日益紧张的LNG市场提供新的供应。”
去年12月，澳大利亚研究和咨询公司EnergyQuest报告称，去年年末该公司投资者日展示的一张图表显示(没有点名竞争项目)，巴罗萨至达尔文LNG的成本将略低于PNG LNG项目，大大低于伍德赛德石油公司在西澳大利亚棕地项目的成本。
该FPSO将在韩国和新加坡建造，然后被拖到该油田永久安装，在那里它将处理天然气，然后通过管道运输到达尔文LNG终端。凝析油将储存在FPSO上，用于定期卸载。
一旦桑托斯运营的帝汶海Bayu-Undan油田的现有储量枯竭，巴罗萨将为现有的桑托斯运营的达尔文LNG工厂提供下一个天然气来源。
Gallagher表示，FPSO合同的签订是基于过去六个月巴罗萨项目的发展势头，也是最终投资决策之前的最后一个里程碑。
Gallagher补充道:“去年年底，我们宣布，通过达尔文收费的巴罗萨天然气运输和加工协议已经完成，我们还与日本三菱公司全资子公司Diamond gas International签署了长期液化天然气销售协议。”
桑托斯表示，巴罗萨项目的最终投资决策预计将在未来几周内完成，首批天然气计划在2025年上半年投入使用。
为了填补2025年之后的市场供应缺口，大洋洲的LNG开发商正在相互竞争，俄罗斯、卡塔尔和美国的低成本供应商也更有竞争力。尽管如此，巴罗萨看起来处于有利地位，因为桑托斯已经采取措施提高资本效率，预计向亚洲交付的英热单位的盈亏平衡价格为5美元/百万美元。
桑托斯（62.5%）目前与合作伙伴SK E&S(37.5%)共同持有巴罗萨合资公司的运营权益。
桑托斯将向达尔文LNG合作伙伴JERA出售巴罗萨12.5%的股份，并将向SK E&S出售Bayu-Undan和达尔文LNG 25%的股份，这是一项具有约束力的协议，取决于巴罗萨的最终投资决策。
值得注意的是，巴罗萨的储层含有16%至20%的二氧化碳，是澳大利亚的液化天然气开发项目之一，任何关注气候风险的投资者都会感到担忧。作为全球最大的液化天然气买家，日本正日益推动碳中和能源议程。这可能解释了为什么桑托斯和Diamond Gas也签署了一项协议，以共同考虑从巴罗萨获得碳中和液化天然气的机会。
裘寅 编译自 能源之声
原文如下：
Santos hands out FPSO deal for $3.6bn Barossa LNG scheme
Australia’s Santos has awarded the biggest contract tied to its $3.6 billion Barossa liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in northern Australia that will backfill Darwin LNG. This offers a strong signal that a final approval for the scheme is imminent.
Santos said today that BW Offshore will build, connect and operate the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel. The deal is subject to a final investment decision (FID), expected within weeks, and marks the largest capital expenditure component of the $3.6 billion Barossa offshore gas and condensate project designed to backfill the ageing Darwin LNG export terminal.
Under a hybrid financing agreement, the Barossa joint venture will lease the FPSO following an upfront prepayment of around half the capital cost and hold an option to buy-out the floater. This “achieves an overall reduction of approximately $1 billion in capital expenditure,” said Santos.
“This reduction in capital expenditure makes Barossa one of the lowest cost of supply projects in the world for LNG and will provide new supply into a tightening LNG market,” said Santos chief executive Kevin Gallagher.
A chart shown at the company’s investor day late last year suggested, without naming competing projects, that Barossa-to-Darwin LNG would be slightly lower cost than PNG LNG and significantly below Woodside Petroleum’s brownfield projects in Western Australia, Australian research and consultancy firm EnergyQuest reported last December.
The FPSO will be built in South Korea and Singapore before being towed and permanently located at the field, where it will process natural gas prior to its transport via pipeline to Darwin LNG. Condensate will be stored on the FPSO for periodic offloading.
Barossa will provide the next source of gas for the existing Santos-operated Darwin LNG plant once current reserves from the Santos-operated Bayu-Undan field in the Timor Sea have been depleted.
Gallagher said the award of the FPSO contract builds on the momentum of the Barossa project over the past six months and is the final milestone ahead of FID.
“At the end of last year, we announced that transport and processing agreements had been finalised for Barossa gas to be tolled through Darwin LNG and we signed a long-term LNG sales agreement with Diamond Gas International, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Japan’s Mitsubishi Corporation,” added Gallagher.
FID on the Barossa project is expected in the coming weeks with first gas targeted for the first half of 2025, said Santos.
LNG developers in Australasia are racing against each other, as well as more competitive low-cost suppliers in Russia, Qatar and the U.S., to fill a projected market supply gap post 2025. Still, Barossa looks well positioned, as Santos has taken steps to boost the capital efficiency with an estimated breakeven price of $5/million British thermal units delivered to Asia.
Santos currently holds a 62.5% operated interest in the Barossa joint venture along with partner SK E&S (37.5 per cent).
Santos is finalising an agreement to sell a 12.5% stake in Barossa to Darwin LNG partner JERA and has a binding agreement to sell 25% interests in Bayu-Undan and Darwin LNG to SK E&S, subject to FID on Barossa.
Significantly, Barossa’s reservoir, with 16% to 20% carbon dioxide, makes it one of Australia’s LNG developments, and would concern any investor focused on climate risks. Japan, the world’s top LNG buyer, is increasingly pushing a carbon neutral energy agenda. This likely explains why Santos and Diamond Gas, have also signed an agreement to jointly consider opportunities for carbon neutral LNG from Barossa.
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