据天然气新闻2021年4月27日新加坡报道，亚洲的液化天然气（LNG）需求受到印度疫情恶化的影响，预计这将抑制天然气和电力需求，现货LNG货物已经受到影响，而日本宣布进入紧急状态，其LNG进口量已经徘徊在一年前的水平。
尽管印度和日本对LNG市场的不利影响将被其他地区的需求强劲增长所抵消，但亚洲现货LNG价格仍维持在8美元/百万英国热量单位以上，但随着印度形势的进一步恶化，LNG需求下行风险已经大大增加。
印度买家通常每周占3到4船LNG现货货物，但自4月初以来，由于多个邦都处于封锁状态，现货需求已有所减少，最终用户不太可能授予此前发布的招标，或为5月和6月交付的LNG进行现货购买。
LNG交易商说，“印度对LNG现货的需求已经完全枯竭。国内需求不确定。与此同时，夏季的价格和我们通常在冬季看到的一样。印度的LNG再气化量将以两位数的速度下降。”
一家国有天然气公司的高官表示：“由于大多数行业都受到了COVID-19的影响，印度国内天然气需求比正常水平至少下降了10%。”他补充说，正常情况下，印度的天然气年需求量约为2200万至2300万吨。
据交易商称，印度国有巴拉特石油公司并未在4月20日就5月和6月的两批LNG交付发出购买招标。印度私有的信诚工业公司正在进行招标，将于4月27日结束，6月1日至6日向达赫LNG终端交货，市场参与者正在密切关注招标结果。
一家印度终端用户表示，由于预计下游电力和天然气需求会下降，可能会取消近期购买。该终端用户通常每月购买一到两船LNG货物。这位终端用户表示：“未来可能更大程度上是减少，这取决于封锁的情况。”他补充称，目前尚未发布不可抗力通知或延期请求。
LNG交易商称，本周人们普遍担心终端库存将达到满负荷，或“达顶”，但当联系到终端运营商时，他们拒绝证实这一趋势。
一家LNG供应商表示，尽管当地限制不像去年那么严格，但现货需求下降可能压低印度现货LNG价格，并进一步扩大JKM-WIM液化天然气的价差。4月26日，JKM-WIM价差为40美分/百万英国热量单位。
李峻 编译自 天然气新闻
原文如下：
India's pandemic, Japan's restrictions dampen Asia's spot LNG demand
Asia's LNG demand has been dampened by the worsening pandemic in India, that is expected to curb gas and power demand, with spot cargoes already impacted, and the declaration of emergency in Japan, where imports are already hovering near year-ago levels.
While the adverse impact of India and Japan on the LNG market will be offset by stronger growth in other regions, and spot Asian LNG prices remain supported at more than $8/MMBtu, downside risks have increased especially with the deteriorating situation in India.
Indian buyers typically account for three to four spot LNG cargoes per week, but spot demand has been curtailed since the start of April as lockdowns spread across several states, and end-users were unlikely to award previously issued tenders, or make spot purchases for deliveries in May and June.
"Demand for spot LNG cargoes has completely dried up. Domestic demand is uncertain. And at the same time, prices in the summer season are what we see normally during the winter. I would think regasification volumes are down by double-digit levels," an India-based LNG trader said.
A senior official at a state gas company said: "Domestic demand for gas is down by at least 10% from the usual levels since most of the sectors are feeling the impact of COVID-19." He added that India's gas demand during normal times was around 22 million-23 million mt/year.
State-run Bharat Petroleum Corp did not award an April 20 buy tender for two May and June deliveries, according to traders. Privately-held Reliance Industries has an ongoing tender, which closes April 27, for a June 1-6 delivery into Dahej LNG terminal, and market participants are watching its results closely.
One Indian end-user, that typically buys one or two LNG cargoes a month, said it might cancel near-term purchases in anticipation of lower downstream power and gas demand. "Going forward it might be more [of a fall] depending on the lockdown situation," the end-user said, adding that no force majeure notices, or deferment requests has been issued.
LNG traders cited widespread concerns of terminal inventories reaching full capacity, or 'tank-top', this week, but when contacted, terminal operators declined to confirm this trend.
While local restrictions are not as stringent as last year, the fall in spot demand could depress Indian spot LNG prices and widen the JKM-WIM LNG spread even further, according to an LNG supplier. On April 26,It had assessed the JKM-WIM price differential at 40 cents/MMBtu.
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