据能源转型新闻2021年4月27日伦敦报道，国际著名智库能源过渡委员会（ETC）在4月27日发表的一份报告中说，全球经济2050年前要实现温室气体净零排放，每年需要消耗5亿到8亿吨的清洁氢，这是目前市场需求的5到7倍。
ETC是一个由超过45个公共和私营能源组织组成的联盟，“致力于在本世纪中叶实现净零排放”。成员包括安赛乐米塔尔、英国石油公司、西班牙伊贝德拉电力公司、丹麦能源集团?rsted、荷兰皇家壳牌公司、塔塔集团和沃尔沃集团，以及金融、学术机构和非政府组织。
ETC说，由于可再生电力和电解设备的成本下降，通过电解水和可再生能源生产的绿氢“可能是最具成本竞争力的并在长期内是主要的生产路线。”
报告称，“到2050年前，绿氢产量将占氢总产量的85%左右。”
通过碳捕获和储存从天然气中提取的蓝氢将是一个重要的过渡解决方案，并可能在“一些特定的低成本天然气地区”发挥作用。
ETC表示，清洁氢需求的增加将来自钢铁生产、工业和航运等难以或昂贵的脱碳行业。目前全球的氢市场几乎全部由化石燃料供应。
李峻 编译自 能源转型新闻
原文如下：
Net zero by 2050 needs six-fold increase in clean H2 consumption: report
A net-zero greenhouse gas emissions global economy will need 500 million to 800 million mt of clean hydrogen consumption a year by 2050, five to seven times greater than today's market, the Energy Transitions Commission said in a report published April 27.
The ETC is a coalition of more than 45 public and private sector energy organizations "committed to achieving net-zero emissions by mid-century." It includes ArcelorMittal, BP, Iberdrola, ?rsted, Shell, Tata Group and Volvo Group, as well as financial and academic institutions and NGOs.
Green hydrogen, produced via electrolysis of water with renewable power, is "likely to be the most cost-competitive and therefore the major production route in the long-term, due to falling renewable electricity and electrolyzer equipment costs," it said.
"It could account for approximately 85% of total production by 2050," it said.
Blue hydrogen, produced from natural gas with carbon capture and storage, would be an important transition solution, and could play a role "in some specific very low-cost gas locations."
The increase in demand would come from decarbonizing sectors that were hard or expensive to directly electrify, such as steel production, industry and shipping, the ETC said. The current global hydrogen market is almost entirely supplied from fossil fuel sources.
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