据5月11日CNBC报道，未来绿色发展转型对石油巨头来说是开创性的。大西洋两岸的石油和天然气巨头正准备在未来几周举行年度股东大会。目前，世界上最大的排放国正面临巨大压力，要求它们制定与《巴黎协定》相符的短期、中期和长期排放目标。
在近200个国家批准具有里程碑意义的气候协议5年多之后，目前还没有一家油气公司符合巴黎气候协定的减排目标或投资水平。众所周知，该协议对于避免不可逆转的气候危机至关重要。
挪威国家石油公司(Equinor)和美国石油生产商康菲石油公司(ConocoPhillips)于周二举行年度股东大会。英国石油公司(BP)和美国炼油商Phillips 66的年度股东大会于周三举行，美国石油巨头雪佛龙(Chevron)的年度股东大会将于5月26日举行。此外，英荷石油巨头荷兰皇家壳牌公司将于5月18日向其股东公布其“净零”过渡计划，这在业内属首次。虽然这一所谓的咨询投票不具约束力，但在能源行业对化石燃料顽固依赖的担忧日益加深之际，可能受到能源行业内外人士的密切关注。
持有多家大型石油公司股份的荷兰Follow This集团将在壳牌年度股东大会上提出另一项动议，敦促投资者利用他们的代理机构，与他们一起投票，迫使公司紧急改变发展方向。
作为近年来能源巨头的眼中钉，Follow This也鼓励投资者投票反对壳牌的转型战略，称该公司的气候计划力度“严重不足”。作为回应，壳牌发言人表示：“这个决议是多余的，因为壳牌选择公布自己的决议，该决议全面阐述了其能源转型战略。包括明确和可衡量的短期、中期和长期目标，比Follow This要求的更长远，因此我们的股东可以绝对清楚壳牌承诺提供的到底是什么。”
壳牌表示，它建议股东投票反对Follow This的决议，把注意力集中在壳牌更详细的提案上，这将有助于推动公司向前发展。
年初，壳牌公布的能源转型战略概述了该公司到2050年实现净零排放的计划。该计划的目标是到2023年，排放量比2016年减少6%至8%。到2030年，这一目标将上升到20%，到2035年上升到45%，到2050年上升到100%。
壳牌没有承诺到2030年的绝对排放目标，气候活动人士和投资者也没有忽视这一点。Follow This的负责人马克·范·巴尔(Mark van Baal)指出:“这一点事关重大。基本上，该公司是在像往常一样要求股东授权。我们提醒股东，壳牌的气候目标需要与《巴黎协定》相一致。”
Follow This此前曾有四次尝试鼓励投资者在壳牌的年度股东大会上投票支持他们的气候决议，但都以失败告终。Follow This ' s van Baal表示，他相信本月末会有更大比例的选民支持他们的提案。
2016年，在壳牌年度股东大会上，只有2.7%的投资者支持Follow This的气候动议。然而，van Baal称，到2020年，这个数字已经上升到14.4%：“我认为选票比例会再次上升。我们现在欧洲有确凿的证据表明，石油巨头只有在有参与投票的情况下才会行动，不然一切都只是空话，没有任何结果。”
壳牌曾表示，将每三年发布一次战略更新，直至2050年。从2022年起，还将每年就其计划和目标的进展进行咨询投票。
4月底资产管理公司嘉盛莱宝(Sarasin & Partners)表示，计划在5月18日投票反对壳牌的过渡计划，称“不可能知道”该计划是否可信或经济上是否可行。嘉盛莱宝表示，将支持Follow This的提议。
与此同时，据路透社报道，英国地方当局养老基金论坛也计划反对壳牌的气候战略。该论坛的82个成员管理着超过3000亿英镑(4230亿美元)的资产。
另外，卫理公会在4月30日向《金融时报》(the Financial Times)表示，壳牌对气候危机的应对“不够”有力，因此将其股票全部售罄。然而，壳牌的另一个投资者，英国教会养老金委员会，可能会在本月末支持该公司的气候计划。
英国教会养老金委员会首席投资官亚当•马修斯表示：“我们认为，支持这一战略是恰当的，这表明我们希望看到公司继续发展自己的战略规划。未来几年，我们仍将看到公司进一步披露一些领域。我们相信，我们与该公司进行的接触和对话也会达成某种成果。”
当被问及采取这种方法是否能有效地为壳牌自己的气候计划服务，而不是鼓励他们为应对气候变化做更多的工作时，马修斯回答：“不，老实说，我实际上认为恰恰相反。这代表了壳牌现在的状况。它已经制定了清晰的计划，第一次明确了过渡的方式，并要求股东表示支持，我们愿意提供这种支持，但我们承认，因为我们正在与他们进行对话，所以我们期待该计划得到进一步发展。”
CEPB表示，鉴于壳牌近年来取得的进展，它认为没有必要对Follow This提出的气候决议投赞成票。然而，CEPB确实计划在其他“进展不那么明显”的公司支持Follow This决议。
除了CEPB，马修斯还与壳牌共同牵头参与了气候行动100+投资集团（Climate Action 100+investor group），该组织代表着资产约54万亿美元的投资者。
王佳晶 摘译自 CNBC
原文如下：
Big Oil and its green ambitions could be about to get a serious reality check
Oil and gas majors on both sides of the Atlantic are preparing to hold their annual shareholder meetings in the coming weeks. It comes at a time when the world’s largest corporate emitters are under immense pressure to set short, medium and long-term emissions targets that are consistent with the Paris Agreement.
At present, not a single oil and gas company is aligned with Paris-consistent emission reduction targets or investment levels more than five years after the landmark climate accord was ratified by nearly 200 countries. The agreement is widely recognized as critically important to avoid an irreversible climate crisis.
Norway’s Equinor and U.S. oil producer ConocoPhillips will hold their respective annual shareholder meetings on Tuesday. The annual general meetings of the U.K.’s BP and U.S. refiner Phillips 66 will take place on Wednesday, with U.S. oil major Chevron due to hold its AGM on May 26.
In a first for the industry, Anglo-Dutch oil giant Royal Dutch Shell will put its own net-zero transition plan to its shareholders on May 18. The so-called advisory vote, while non-binding, is likely to be closely monitored by those inside and outside the energy sector amid deepening concern about the industry’s stubborn dependency on fossil fuels.
Dutch group Follow This, a small activist investor with stakes in a number of Big Oil companies, is due to put forward a separate motion at Shell’s AGM, urging investors to leverage their agency and vote with them to compel the firm to urgently change course.
A thorn in the side of energy majors in recent years, Follow This has also encouraged investors to vote against Shell’s transition strategy, describing the firm’s climate plan as “gravely inadequate.”
In response, a Shell spokesperson told CNBC on Tuesday: “The Follow This resolution is redundant given Shell has chosen to publish its own resolution which comprehensively details its energy transition strategy.”
“It includes well defined and measurable short, medium and long-term targets which go further than that requested by Follow This, so our shareholders can be absolutely clear on what Shell is committing to deliver,” they added.
Shell said it recommends that shareholders vote against the Follow This resolution “and focus attention instead on the more detailed proposal from Shell which will help move the company forwards.”
‘Engagement is just talk without consequences’
Shell’s Energy Transition Strategy, published earlier this year, outlined the group’s plans to reach net-zero emissions by 2050. It aims to reduce net carbon emissions by between 6% to 8% by 2023 when compared to 2016 levels. The target jumps up to 20% by 2030, 45% by 2035, and 100% by 2050.
Shell has not committed to Paris-aligned targets for absolute emissions through to 2030, an omission that has not gone unnoticed by climate activists and investors.
“There is a lot at stake,” Mark van Baal, head of Follow This, told CNBC via telephone.
“Basically, the company is asking for a shareholder mandate for business as usual. We are asking for shareholders to recognize the need for Shell’s climate targets to align with the Paris Agreement,” he said.
Reflecting on four previously unsuccessful attempts to encourage investors to vote for their climate resolutions at Shell’s AGMs, Follow This’ van Baal said he was confident a larger proportion of voters would back their proposal later this month.
In 2016, just 2.7% of investors supported Follow This’ climate motion at Shell’s AGM. However, by 2020, van Baal said this figure had climbed to 14.4%.
“I think the percentage of votes will grow again,” he said, arguing that a “growing minority” of voters had previously been enough to serve as a catalyst for change.
“We have now quite hard proof in Europe that oil majors only move when there’s engagement and voting. Engagement is just talk without consequences,” van Baal said.
Shell has said it will publish an update to its strategy every three years through to 2050. It will also seek an advisory vote on its progress toward its plans and targets every year from 2022.
‘A representation of where Shell is today’
Asset manager Sarasin & Partners said late last month that it plans to vote against Shell’s transition plan on May 18, saying “it is impossible to know” whether it is credible or economically feasible. Sarasin & Partners said it would support Follow This’ proposal.
Meanwhile, the U.K.’s Local Authority Pension Fund Forum, whose 82 members manage over £300 billion ($423 billion), also plan to oppose Shell’s climate strategy, Reuters reported.
Separately, the Methodist Church sold out of Shell over what it described to The Financial Times on April 30 as the firm’s “inadequate” response to the climate crisis.
However, another Shell investor, the Church of England’s Pension Board, is likely to support the firm’s climate plan later this month.
“We reached a view that it was appropriate to support the strategy to indicate that we want to see the company continue to develop its approach and recognizing that there are still areas that we would expect to see further disclosures on from the company in the coming years,” Adam Matthews, chief responsible investment officer of the Church of England Pensions Board, told CNBC.
“We are confident that the engagement and the dialogue that we have with the company to participate in that will sort of bear fruit as well,” he added.
When asked whether taking this approach would effectively serve to rubber stamp Shell’s own climate plans rather than encourage them to do more to tackle climate change, Matthews replied: “No, to be honest, I actually think it is quite the opposite.”
“This is a representation of where Shell is today. It has set out clarity around the way it is approaching the transition for the first time, it has asked for an indication of support for that from its shareholder base and we are willing to provide that support, but with an acknowledgment that we would expect further evolution of that plan as a result of the dialogue that we are having with them.”
The CEPB has said that in light of the progress it believes Shell has made in recent years, it does not see a need to vote in favor of the climate resolution put forward by Follow This. The CEPB does, however, plan to support Follow This resolutions at other companies “where progress is not so obvious.”
In addition to the CEPB, Matthews is also co-lead on engagement with Shell for the Climate Action 100+ investor group, which represents investors with assets of around $54 trillion.
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