据今日油价网站5月20日消息 卡塔尔正在下调天然气价格，并向亚洲现货市场扩张，以期保持其在液化天然气出口方面的领导地位。
根据彭博社引述匿名消息来源，卡塔尔已将优先权从价格转移到市场份额，从而压低了价格，并推动了价值290亿美元的产能扩张，目标是将液化天然气出口增加50%。
报告称，通过这一战略，卡塔尔将威胁世界其他地区新建液化天然气产能项目的商业可行性。
几年来，澳大利亚一直在紧逼卡塔尔，一度暂时超过卡塔尔，成为全球最大的液化天然气出口国。美国也在增加其冷冻燃料的出口，上个月出口量几乎与卡塔尔持平。
事实上，这样做的原因是卡塔尔一家大型生产设施的维修，但这个海湾国家有理由感到受到新兴竞争对手的威胁。即便如此，其仍保留了一些主要的优势。
彭博社在报告中援引牛津能源研究所高级研究员Jonathan Stern的话报道称：“没有人能与卡塔尔的成本竞争。他们可以做任何他们喜欢的事情，对手都必须尽其所能进行应对。而且，特别是在市场过剩、价格低迷的情况下，这将影响竞争对手的利润。”
然而，其他地方的一些液化天然气供应即使价格较低也仍然具有竞争力，比如俄罗斯诺瓦泰克的亚马尔液化天然气和美国切尼尔能源公司的产量。这是因为买家希望不必依赖单一的液化天然气来源，并实现燃料来源的多样化，以及美国生产商灵活的交货条件和价格与原油基准不再挂钩的愿景。
王磊 摘译自 今日油价
原文如下：
Qatar Cuts LNG Prices And Expands Into Asian Spot Market
Qatar is cutting prices for its gas and expanding into the Asian spot market as it seeks to maintain its number-one position in exports of liquefied natural gas.
According to unnamed sources cited by Bloomberg, the country has shifted its priority from prices to market share, hence the price undercutting and the push ahead with a production capacity expansion worth $29 billion. The goal is to increase LNG exports by 50 percent.
With this strategy, Qatar threatens the commercial viability of new LNG production capacity projects in the rest of the world, according to the report.
Australia has been breathing down Qatar’s neck for a couple of years now, at one point temporarily overtaking it as the world’s largest LNG exporter. The United States is also boosting its exports of the superchilled fuel. Last month exported almost as much as Qatar.
In truth, the reason for this was maintenance at a big production facility in Qatar, but the Gulf nation has reason to feel threatened by emerging competitors. Even so, it retains some major advantages over this competition.
“Nobody can compete with Qatari costs,” according to Jonathan Stern, a senior research fellow at the Oxford Institute of Energy Studies, as quoted by Bloomberg in its report. “They can do whatever they like and everybody will have to respond the way they can. And, especially when the market is in surplus and prices are low, that will impact the competition’s profits.”
Yet some LNG supply elsewhere remains competitive even at lower prices, such as Russian Novatek’s Yamal LNG and U.S. Cheniere Energy’s output. This is because of buyers’ desire to not have to rely on a single source of LNG and diversify their sources of the fuel, and because of U.S. producers’ flexible delivery terms and the fact that their prices are not tied to crude oil benchmarks.
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