据阿纳多卢新闻5月27日消息称，美国能源情报署(EIA)周二表示，由于天然气价格上涨和来自可再生能源的竞争加剧，2021年美国天然气发电量自2017年以来首次出现同比下降7％。
在美国，天然气发电正面临来自可再生能源发电的日益激烈的竞争，因为最近风力和太阳能发电厂的装机容量达到了创纪录的水平。
该机构的《小时电网监测》数据显示，在2021年前4个月，美国48个州的天然气发电平均每天3394吉瓦时(GWh)。
总体而言，由于冬季天气变冷，该国在这一时期的发电量比2020年增长了6.6%。
数据显示，从2020年5月到2021年2月，美国新增的风能和太阳能综合净发电能力增加了15%，达到22.5吉瓦(GW)。
该机构表示，自2020年4月以来，美国天然气价格上涨，原因是与上一个冬季供暖季(从2020年10月至2021年3月)相比，天然气产量减少，冬季供暖需求增加。
美国天然气价格上涨，使得天然气发电相对于燃煤发电的竞争力下降，促使天然气燃料转向煤炭燃料。
EIA称，与2020年同期相比，2021年前四个月该国的燃煤发电量增长了近40％，占总发电量的23％。
报告称：“我们预计天然气发电的下降将持续到2022年。在5月份的短期能源展望中，我们预计2021年天然气发电量将下降9.1%，2022年将进一步下降0.7%。”
朱佳妮 摘译自 阿纳多卢新闻
原文如下：
US natural gas generation declines 7% in 2021
US natural gas generation in 2021 saw its first year-over-year decline since 2017 of 7% due to higher natural gas prices and increased competition from renewables, the Energy Information Administration (EIA) said on Tuesday.
Natural gas-fired generation has been facing increased competition from renewable generation in the US because of recent record-high capacity additions to wind and solar power plants.
In the first four months of 2021, natural gas-fired generation in the Lower 48 states averaged 3,394 gigawatt-hours (GWh) per day, data from the agency’s Hourly Electric Grid Monitor showed.
Overall, the country’s electricity generation during the period increased 6.6% compared with 2020 because of colder winter weather.
Between May 2020 and February 2021, an increase of 15% to 22.5 gigawatts (GW) of combined net wind and solar electric generating capacity additions came online in the US, according to the data.
US natural gas prices have risen since April 2020 because of lower natural gas production and higher winter heating demand compared with the previous winter heating season that ran from October 2020 to March 2021, the agency said.
Higher US natural gas prices have made natural gas-fired generation relatively less competitive compared with coal-fired generation, prompting natural gas-to-coal fuel switching.
Coal-fired generation has increased nearly 40% in the country during the first four months of 2021 compared with the same period in 2020 and accounts for 23% of total generation, the EIA said.
“We expect declines in natural gas-fired generation to continue through 2022. In May’s Short-Term Energy Outlook, we forecast natural gas-fired generation will decline 9.1% in 2021 and a further 0.7% in 2022,” it said.
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