据OE网站6月9日报道，涡轮机制造商Siemens Gamesa在周三发布的一份白皮书中表示，到2030年，风电可以在不排放温室气体的情况下生产氢气，其成本可能与目前化石燃料发电的成本一样低。
决策者们认为绿色氢（用可再生能源制造的，不排放碳）是帮助经济体摆脱对地球变暖能源的依赖和避免气候变化的重要工具，但同时也希望降低其高昂的成本。
Siemens Gamesa表示，到2030年，利用陆上风力涡轮机为电解槽提供动力，从水中提取氢气的成本可能与使用化石燃料一样低，而海上风力发电到2035年也可能达到这一水平。其的成本预测是基于它所说的二氧化碳排放许可的公平定价。
该公司还表示，只有政府和行业加快建设可再生能源产能、发展供应链和配套基础设施，才有可能降低绿色氢的成本并提高产量。我们不能低估以达到2050年净零目标所需的规模生产绿色氢所面临的挑战。现有的风电场可以增加电解槽和电池储能，靠近需要氢气的地方也可以开始生产氢气。
主导全球海上风力涡轮机市场的Siemens Gamesa表示，其正在加快开发一个原型系统，以便在未来五年内利用海上风力发电生产氢。
该公司希望在不久之后建成第一座工业规模的风力制氢工厂。
长期以来，氢被用作火箭燃料，用于炼油，用于生产化肥的氨，用于制造钢铁和化学品，但这种“灰色”氢的生产通常依赖天然气或煤炭，在生产过程中会排放大量二氧化碳。
虽然各国政府正在寻求将经济转型为电力驱动，但他们希望绿色氢也能为更难电气化的工业、交通和供暖提供动力。
郝芬 译自 OE
原文如下：
Offshore Wind Could Produce Affordable Hydrogen by 2035 , Siemens Gamesa says
Wind power could make it possible to produce hydrogen without emitting greenhouse gases as cheaply as is currently feasible with fossil fuel energy by 2030, turbine maker Siemens Gamesa said in a white paper released on Wednesday.
Policymakers see green hydrogen, which is made with renewable power without emitting carbon, as a vital tool to help shift economies away from planet-warming energy sources and to stave off climate change, but want to reduce its sky-high costs.
Using onshore wind turbines to power electrolyzers that extract hydrogen from water could become as cheap as making it using fossil fuels by 2030, and offshore wind could get there by 2035, Siemens Gamesa said.
Siemens Gamesa said it based its cost forecasts on what it described as fair pricing for permits to emit carbon dioxide.
It also said it would only be possible to bring down the cost of green hydrogen and boost production if government and industry speed up building renewable capacity, developing a supply chain and supporting infrastructure.
"We can't underestimate the challenge of producing green hydrogen at the scale needed to deliver on the 2050 net-zero targets," it said.
Electrolyzers and battery storage can be added to existing wind farms, and sites near places that demand hydrogen can also start to produce it, the company said.
Siemens Gamesa, which dominates the global market for offshore wind turbines, said it is speeding up work on a prototype system to produce hydrogen-powered by offshore wind in the next five years.
It hopes to follow this with the first industrial-scale wind-to-hydrogen plant shortly afterwards.
Hydrogen has long been used as rocket fuel, in oil refining, to produce ammonia for fertilizers and to make steel and chemicals but production of this "grey" hydrogen usually relies on natural gas or coal, in processes that emit large amounts of carbon dioxide.
While governments are looking to transform their economies to run on electricity, they hope green hydrogen could also power industry, transport and heating, which are harder to electrify.
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