据油气新闻6月16日消息称，澳大利亚已经成为世界上最大的液化天然气(LNG)出口国，澳大利亚的超冷冻燃料生产商正在考虑转变他们的行业，成为全球氢气的领导者。
周二，澳大利亚石油生产和勘探协会(APPEA)会议的主题会议上充斥着行业如何能够、并且应该迎接气候变化的挑战，并转向无碳排放的能源生产。
最强烈的呼吁来自澳大利亚第二大石油和天然气生产商桑托斯公司的董事长兼APPEA会长Kevin Gallagher，他在会上表示，除非该行业实现碳减排，否则将无法继续开发其资源。
他在会议上表示:“通过碳捕获和存储等技术，以及利用天然气生产氢气，实现脱碳至关重要。”
Gallagher的呼吁并不是第一次将氢燃料转换为澳大利亚资源行业排放的解决方案，作为全球最大的炼钢用焦煤出口国和发电厂用动力煤第二大出口国，鉴于其液化天然气的主导地位和地位，澳大利亚是主要的碳生产国。
这次的不同之处在于，这个行业正在利用其最大的事件来谈论根本的改变，并有效地认识到，如果不拥抱一个脱碳的未来，它将会消亡。
也许液化天然气行业已经看到了煤炭所发生的变化，并决定在不可挽回地走上同样的道路之前采取行动。
如果你十年前去亚洲参加一个煤炭会议，你会发现这个行业对自己的未来充满信心，认为自己的产品比替代能源更便宜、更可靠，而且气候变化真的只是一场骗局。
快进到今天，燃煤发电受到威胁，也许除了印度等国内储量巨大的国家，新矿项目正努力获得批准和资金，亚洲各国正在取消其燃煤建设计划，转而支持目前由电力存储支持的更便宜的可再生能源。
澳大利亚的液化天然气行业面临着与煤炭行业相同的压力，即难以获得资本和银行融资，股东对气候变化政策的反对，以及在碳限制的未来长期淘汰的威胁。
因此，我们有了转向氢燃料的想法。氢燃料燃烧时不会产生排放，但在生产过程中会产生大量排放，这取决于生产方式。
生产氢气的最环保方式是使用完全由可再生能源产生的电力为能源密集型产业的生产过程提供动力，一些液化天然气生产商，如澳大利亚最大的石油和天然气公司伍德赛德，正在计划这样的项目，包括在塔斯马尼亚岛的一个项目，该项目主要使用水力发电。
曹海斌 摘译自油气新闻
原文如下：
Australia’s LNG industry sees a somewhat green hydrogen future
Having scaled the peak of becoming the world’s top exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG), Australia’s producers of the super-chilled fuel are contemplating switching their industry around to become the global leader in hydrogen.
The keynote sessions at the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association’s (APPEA) conference on Tuesday were full of how the industry can, and should, embrace the challenges of climate change and move to producing the energy that can be free of carbon emissions.
The strongest call came from Kevin Gallagher, APPEA’s chairman and chief executive of Australia’s second-biggest oil and gas producer Santos STO.AX, who told the event that unless the industry de-carbonised, it would not be able to continue to develop its resources.
“Decarbonisation, through technologies like carbon capture and storage, and hydrogen production using natural gas, is critical,” he told the conference.
Gallagher’s call isn’t the first time switching to hydrogen has been touted as a solution to the emissions created by Australia’s resources industry, which is a major carbon producer given its leading LNG role and its status as the world’s biggest exporter of coking coal used to make steel, and second-biggest in thermal coal used in power plants.
What’s different this time is the industry is using its biggest event to talk about fundamental change, and to effectively recognise that it will die out if it doesn’t embrace a decarbonised future.
Perhaps the LNG industry has seen what is happening to coal, and decided to act before it goes irretrievably down the same path.
If you went to a coal conference in Asia a decade ago you would have found an industry confident in its future, with the attitude that its product was cheaper than alternatives, reliable and that climate change was really just hocus pocus.
Fast forward to today and coal-fired generation is under threat, apart perhaps from in countries with vast domestic reserves such as India, new mines are struggling to get approvals and funding, and countries across Asia are cancelling their coal-fired building plans in favour of now cheaper renewables backed by power storage.
Australia’s LNG industry faces much of the same pressure that was brought to bear on coal, namely difficulties in accessing capital and bank financing, shareholder revolts over climate change policies and the threat of longer-term obsolescence in a carbon-constrained future.
Hence the idea of switching to hydrogen, a fuel that doesn’t produce emissions when burnt, but can produce substantial emissions in being produced, depending how it is done.
The greenest way to produce hydrogen to is power the energy-intensive production process using electricity generated entirely from renewable sources, and some LNG producers, such as Australia’s biggest oil and gas company Woodside WPL.AX are planning such ventures, including a project in the island state of Tasmania, which predominantly uses hydropower to generate electricity.
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