据能源世界网6月15日伦敦报道，根据绿色能源政策网络REN21周二发布的一份报告显示，尽管可再生能源成本不断下降，各国政府也面临应对气候变化的压力，但化石燃料在全球能源结构中所占的份额与10年前一样高。
据该报告称，由于全球能源需求不断上升，对新化石燃料工厂的持续消费和投资，以及生物质能源(如木材或农业废弃物)在取暖和烹饪方面的使用减少，化石燃料的使用一直持续。
燃烧煤、天然气和石油等化石燃料会产生二氧化碳，这是导致全球变暖的主要温室气体。
随着大气中二氧化碳排放浓度升至创纪录水平，要求各国政府大幅削减排放、限制使用化石燃料以实现全球气候目标的呼声也越来越高。
该报告表示，REN21网显示，2019年化石燃料在全球能源结构中的比重为80.2%，2009年为80.3%；而风能和太阳能等可再生能源2019年和2009年分别占能源结构的11.2%和8.7%。
其余的能源组合包括传统的生物质，在发展中国家主要用于做饭或取暖。
然而，在许多地区，包括欧盟、印度和美国的部分地区，现在建设新的风能或太阳能光伏电站比运营现有的燃煤电厂更便宜。
该报告称，在许多地方，可再生能源在成本上也超过了新的天然气发电厂，是各大洲国家最便宜的新发电来源。
REN21的执行董事Rana Adib表示，我们正意识到一个痛苦的现实，过去十年的气候政策承诺大多只是空话。化石燃料在最终能源消费中所占的份额没有任何变化。
在许多国家，新冠肺炎经济复苏方案旨在刺激对可再生能源的进一步投资。但该报告补充称，可再生能源投资仅占化石燃料投资的六分之一左右。
郝芬 译自 能源世界网
原文如下：
Global fossil fuel use similar to decade ago in energy mix, report says
The share of fossil fuels in the world's total energy mix is as high as a decade ago, despite the falling cost of renewables and pressure on governments to act on climate change, a report by green energy policy network REN21 showed on Tuesday.
Fossil fuel use has persisted amid rising global energy demand, continued consumption and investment in new fossil fuel plants, and lower use of biomass energy -- such as wood or agricultural waste -- in heating and cooking, the report said.
Burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil creates carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas which contributes to global warming.
As the atmospheric concentration of CO2 emissions has grown to record levels, calls have grown for governments to make steeper emissions cuts and curb the use of fossil fuels to meet global climate goals.
REN21 said the share of fossil fuels in the global energy mix was 80.2% in 2019, compared to 80.3% in 2009, while renewables such as wind and solar made up 11.2% of the energy mix in 2019 and 8.7% in 2009, the report said.
The rest of the energy mix comprises traditional biomass, used largely to cook or heat homes in developing countries.
Yet, in many regions, including parts of the European Union, India and the United States, it is now cheaper to build new wind or solar photovoltaic plants than to operate existing coal plants.
Renewables also are outcompeting new natural gas-fired power plants on cost in many locations, and are the cheapest sources of new electricity generation in countries across all major continents, the report said.
"We are waking up to the bitter reality that the climate policy promises over the past ten years have mostly been empty words," said Rana Adib, REN21's executive director.
"The share of fossil fuels in final energy consumption has not moved by an inch," she added.
In many countries, COVID-19 economic recovery packages aim to stimulate further investment in renewable energy. But renewable investments are only around one-sixth of fossil fuel investments, the report added.
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