据能源世界网7月21日东京报道，根据日本最新能源政策的一份草案显示，日本将提高其2030年电力结构中可再生能源的比例，以推动减少排放，以履行有关气候变化的国际协议的承诺。
日本修订后的基本能源战略没有改变其核电目标，尽管2011年福岛(Fukushima)灾难后，日本一直难以让核电行业恢复其以前的核心地位。
据日本工业部周三发布的政策草案称，到2030年，可再生能源在电力供应中的占比应达到36%~38%，比截至2020年3月的财年18%的水平翻了一番。早些时候的目标是到2030年可再生能源占电力的比例达到22%~24%。
根据新的计划，最脏的化石燃料——煤炭的使用量将从26%减少到19 %。
以进口液化天然气的形式进入日本的天然气，将占到日本目标能源结构中化石燃料部分的大部分，这一比例从56%降至41%。
日本的核目标维持在 20%~22%不变。草案称，到2030年，氢和氨等新燃料将占电力结构的1%左右。
据日本工业部的一位官员表示，随着应对气候变化的紧迫性增加，修订后的2030年能源计划是一个“雄心勃勃的计划”，而不是过去的“理想愿景”。
今年4月，日本将2030年削减碳排放的目标几乎翻了一倍，从2013年的26%提高到46%，以应对来自美国的压力，因世界领导人出席了美国总统拜登主持的气候峰会。
许多专家表示，在福岛核事故发生后，这一目标很难实现。福岛核事故暴露了行业和监管机构的缺陷，并导致日本所有反应堆关闭，导致公众舆论发生重大转变。
目前有9座反应堆在运行，这是自灾难发生以来的最高数字。该国此前有54座可运行的反应堆。
该草案没有提到建造新的核电站或更换核电站，一些工业和企业高管曾敦促政府包括这些核电站。
该草案称，日本的目标是在提高可再生能源发电能力的同时，尽可能减少对核电的依赖，但核电仍将是重要的基本负荷电源。
该国工业部拒绝就修订后的能源计划何时敲定置评。政府每三到四年修订一次其基本能源计划。
郝芬 译自 能源世界网
原文如下:
Japan boosts renewable energy target for 2030 energy mix
Japan will raise its target for renewable energy in the country's electricity mix for 2030 as it pushes to cut emissions to meet commitments under international agreements on climate change, according to a draft of its latest energy policy.
The country's revised basic energy strategy leaves unchanged its target for nuclear power, even though the country has struggled to return the industry to its former central role after the Fukushima disaster of 2011.
The industry ministry's policy draft released on Wednesday says renewables should account for 36-38% of power supplies in 2030, double the level of 18% in the financial year to March 2020. The earlier target was for renewables to contribute 22-24% of electricity in 2030.
The use of coal, the dirtiest fossil fuel, will be reduced to 19% from 26% under the new plan.
Gas, which comes to Japan in the form of imported liquefied natural gas, will make up most of the rest of the fossil fuel portion of the target energy mix, which was set at 41%, down from 56%.
Japan's nuclear target was left unchanged at 20-22%. New fuels like hydrogen and ammonia will account for about 1% of the electricity mix in 2030, the draft said.
As the urgency to tackle climate change grows, the revised 2030 energy plan is an "ambitious one", instead of "an ideal vision" as in the past, an official at the industry ministry said.
The change comes after Japan nearly doubled its 2030 target for cutting carbon emissions in April, to 46% from 26% on 2013 levels, responding to pressure from the United States as world leaders met for a climate summit hosted by U.S. President Joe Biden.
Many experts say the nuclear target will difficult to achieve in the wake of the Fukushima disaster which led to a big shift in public opinion after it exposed industry and regulator failings and led to the shutdown of all the country's reactors.
Nine reactors are operating now, the highest number since the disaster. The country had 54 operable reactors previously.
The draft did not mention building new nuclear plants or replacing plants, which some industry and corporate executives had urged the government to include.
Japan aims to reduce its reliance on nuclear power as much as possible while it boosts renewable power capacity, but nuclear power will remain as an important base-load power source, the draft says.
The industry ministry declined to comment on when the revised energy plan will be finalised. The government revises its basic energy plan once every three to four years.
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