据世界石油7月19日消息，全球最大的二氧化碳捕集与封存项目并没有发挥应有的成效，这凸显了石油公司在解决温室气体排放方面面临的挑战。
总部位于加州圣拉蒙的雪佛龙公司周一表示，该公司在澳大利亚价值540亿美元的Gorgon液化天然气出口工厂的系统未能实现当地政府将捕获的二氧化碳注入地下的目标。这对全球能源公司来说是一个挫折，这些公司将其净零期货押注在该技术上，迄今为止这项技术取得的成效有限。
尽管自2019年8月该碳捕获项目开始以来，雪佛龙已捕集了近500万吨二氧化碳，但这尚未达到在液化天然气设施运营的前五年捕获平均80%排放量的目标。
雪佛龙澳大利亚公司董事总经理Mark Hatfield在一份声明中表示:“雪佛龙正在与西澳大利亚监管机构合作，以弥补缺口。”
据石油行业出版物Boiling Cold周五报道，自2016年3月Gorgon开始生产天然气以来，该公司仅封存了1500万吨二氧化碳中的30%。
石油和天然气生产商正指望碳捕集与封存(CCS)技术能够取得成功，因为他们在降低排放方面受到了投资者和政府更严格的审查。据荷兰皇家壳牌公司称，为了限制全球变暖，需要在未来50年建造大约1万个大型CCS设施。去年投入运营的还不到50家。
壳牌和埃克森美孚分别持有Gorgon液化天然气项目 25%的股份，雪佛龙持有略高于47%的股份。
据Boiling Cold报道，Gorgon数十亿美元的CCS项目一直受到技术问题的困扰，包括其压力管理系统的问题。
雪佛龙的工厂并非按照行业标准将二氧化碳排放到大气中，而是设计用于管理为液化天然气设施提供燃料的海上油田产生的污染。当气体被液化出口时，二氧化碳被泵入地下超过2公里的储层。
西澳大利亚州政府坚持把CCS设施作为批准Gorgon项目的条件，Gorgon项目预计将运行40年。西澳大利亚州监管机构要求提供雪佛龙未能达成目标的详细信息，西澳大利亚州环境部长Amber-Jade Sanderson正寻求与该公司会面。
西澳大利亚州“当前可持续能源”协会(Sustainable Energy Now)主席 Ian Porter表示:“对于任何押注CCS将实现净零排放的石油和天然气公司来说，Gorgon项目的失败构成了一个重大问题。在所需的规模和价格上，CCS未起作用。”
裘寅 编译自 世界石油
原文如下：
Chevron working to improve performance at world’s largest carbon capture project
The world’s biggest project to capture and store carbon dioxide isn’t working like it should, highlighting the challenges oil companies face in tackling their greenhouse gas emissions.
Chevron Corp.’s system at the $54 billion Gorgon liquefied natural gas export plant in Australia missed a local government target to inject captured carbon dioxide underground, the San Ramon, California-based company said Monday. That’s a setback for energy companies globally that have staked their net-zero futures on the technology, which has shown limited success to date.
While Chevron has sequestered almost 5 million tons of carbon dioxide since the capture project began in August 2019, that’s fallen short of a target to capture an average 80% of emissions in the first five years of the LNG facility’s operation.
“Chevron is working with the Western Australia regulator on making up the shortfall,” the company’s Australia Managing Director Mark Hatfield said in a statement.
The company has buried only 30% of about 15 million tons of CO2 generated since Gorgon began producing gas in March 2016, oil industry publication Boiling Cold reported Friday.
Oil and natural gas producers are counting on carbon capture, or CCS, to succeed as they come under greater scrutiny from investors and governments to lower emissions. To limit global warming, about 10,000 large CCS facilities need to be built over the next five decades, according to Royal Dutch Shell Plc. There were fewer than 50 in operation last year.
Shell and ExxonMobil Corp. each hold 25% of Gorgon LNG, while Chevron has just over 47%.
Gorgon’s multibillion-dollar CCS project has been beset with technical issues, including problems with its pressure management system, according to Boiling Cold.
Instead of venting the CO2 into the atmosphere, which is the industry norm, Chevron’s plant is designed to manage pollution that’s produced from the offshore fields that feed the LNG facility. As the gas is sent to be liquefied for export, the CO2 is pumped into a reservoir more than 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) underground.
Western Australia’s government insisted on the CCS facility as a condition for approving Gorgon, which is expected to run for four decades. The state’s regulator has requested details on why Chevron missed its target, and Western Australia’s Environment Minister Amber-Jade Sanderson is seeking a meeting with the company.
“Gorgon’s failure poses a major problem for any oil and gas company betting on CCS to meet net zero,” said Ian Porter, the chairperson of Sustainable Energy Now, WA. “CCS simply does not work at the scale and at the price needed.”
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