据1月13日Offshore Energy报道，挪威石油管理局(NPD)预计，未来几年将继续保持稳定总干事英格丽德·瑟尔贝格（Ingrid Sølvberg）表示，未来几年，许多新发现以及几个新油田开发，意味着产量有望在2024年之前有所增加。
根据NPD数据，挪威2021年石油产量为1.02亿立方米(6.42亿桶)，天然气产量为1130亿立方米，这相当于每天大约有400万桶，较前一年略有增加。
2021年有5个油田开始生产，分别是Duva、Yme(一个已重启的老油田)、Solveig、北海Martin Linge和挪威海北部Ærfugl。此外，北海Johan Sverdrup油田第一阶段已全面投产，第二阶段计划于今年启动。一旦实现全面生产，Johan Sverdrup将占挪威大陆架石油产量的35%。
NPD表示，2021年已经提交了8八个发展计划（PDO），其他油田也在筹备之中，预计今年两家公司将提交数十份计划。石油税临时变化很可能导致了项目活动增加。即使没有税收政策，这些项目也很有可能得以实施，但其中一些项目可能会被推迟。
油气投资
2021年，挪威大陆架油田和新发现的开发投资总额约为1500亿挪威克朗(约合172亿美元)，这一数字略低于前一年。NPD预测，2022年将进一步减少，而在2025年之前，投资会再次增加。
这些投资有助于到2030年继续保持高利润生产，而目前计划显示，到2030年，产量将会下降，这种下降程度和速度将取决于这些公司在未来几年能发现多少额外油气资源。
虽然产量仍然很高，但二氧化碳排放量正在下降，这背后最重要的原因是使用了电力，旨在到2030年将排放量在2005年的水平上减少一半。
新的油气发现
NPD数据显示，2021年共完成了40口勘探井(31口探井和9口评价井)。探井发现了18处油气资源。此外，在具有勘探目标的生产井中又获得了两处发现。
2021年资源增长达到8100万立方米 (5.1亿桶)。过去几年，资源增长稳定，2021年是自2014年以来增长最快的一年。
瑟尔贝格表示，NPD预计今年将钻30至40口探井。
2021年，新勘探区域获得了该领域内的年度奖励和第25轮许可。在该轮融资中，共有30家公司获得了61个生产许可证，7家公司在第25轮融资中获得了所有权权益。在2021年也有大量的申请，这项奖项将在几周内进行。
新产业的兴起
新参与者和行业正在挪威大陆架上出现。Hywind Tampen技术试点项目是世界上第一个从海上风能为石油设施提供电力的项目。该计划要求今年在北海安装涡轮机。
海底矿物开采也可能成为一种新产业。2021年秋季，NPD进行了考察，并在这一年中与挪威大学一起参加了其他几次考察。4年数据采集初步结果表明，在挪威大陆架上存在着有趣的锰结壳和硫化物。
NPD之前已经绘制了挪威大陆架上二氧化碳储存图，估计有800亿吨的二氧化碳储存空间，相当于挪威目前水平上1500年的排放量。
NPD发现，无论是现有的还是新的参与者，都对二氧化碳存储机会越来越有兴趣。在2021年公布两个地区后，当局收到了5家企业申请。
王佳晶 摘译自 Offshore Energy
原文如下：
Norway nets record-breaking revenues from oil & gas
The Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) expects stable, high production to continue over the next few years. Many new discoveries, as well as several new field developments in upcoming years, mean that production is expected to increase somewhat leading up to 2024, says Director general Ingrid Sølvberg.
According to the NPD, Norway’s production in 2021 came to 102 million standard cubic metres of oil (642 million barrels) and 113 billion standard cubic metres of gas. This corresponds to about four million barrels of oil equivalent per day, a minor increase from the previous year.
Five fields started production last year: Duva, Yme (an older field which was restarted), Solveig, Martin Linge in the North Sea, and Ærfugl in the northern Norwegian Sea.
Furthermore, Phase 1 of the Johan Sverdrup field in the North Sea is in full operation, and Phase 2 is scheduled to start up this year. once full production is achieved, Johan Sverdrup will account for 35 per cent of oil production on the Norwegian shelf.
The directorate said that additional fields are in the pipeline as eight development plans (PDOs) were submitted in 2021, and the companies are expected to submit dozens of PDOs this year.
The directorate believes that the temporary change in the petroleum tax has most likely led to an increase in project activity. The projects would most likely have been carried out even without the tax package, but some of them would have been postponed, the NPD said.
Oil & gas investments
A total of about NOK 150 billion or about $17.2 billion was invested in fields and the development of discoveries on the Norwegian shelf in 2021, which is somewhat lower than the previous year. The NPD’s forecasts show an additional reduction in investments in 2022 before they are expected to increase again leading up to 2025.
The investments contribute to continued high and profitable production towards 2030, at which point the current plans show that production will decline. The extent and speed of this decline will depend, among other things, on how much additional oil and gas the companies will discover in the years to come.
While production remains high, CO2 emissions are dropping and the most important reason behind this is the use of power from shore. The objective is to cut emissions in half by 2030 compared with the level in 2005.
New oil & gas discoveries
The NPD’s data show that 40 exploration wells were completed last year (31 wildcat wells and 9 appraisal wells). Wildcat wells yielded 18 oil and gas discoveries. Two additional discoveries were made in production wells with exploration targets.
Resource growth in 2021 amounted to 81 million standard cubic meters of oil equivalent (510 million barrels of oil equivalents). There has been a steady resource growth over the past years, and 2021 had the highest growth since 2014.
The NPD expects 30-40 exploration wells to be drilled this year, Sølvberg says.
Last year saw the award of new exploration acreage in the annual Awards in Pre-defined Areas (APA) as well as in the 25th licensing round. 30 companies were offered a total of 61 production licenses in the APA round, and seven companies offered ownership interests in the 25th round. There was also significant interest and a large number of applications in the APA round in 2021, and this award will take place in a few weeks.
New industries emerging
New players and industries are emerging on the Norwegian shelf. The technology pilot Hywind Tampen is the world’s first project to supply power to petroleum installations from offshore wind. The plan calls for the turbines to be installed in the North Sea this year.
Seabed mineral extraction could also become a new industry. In autumn 2021, the NPD carried out its own expedition and participated in several other expeditions with Norwegian universities over the course of the year. Preliminary results from four years of data acquisition show that there are interesting occurrences of manganese crusts and sulphides on the Norwegian shelf.
The NPD has previously mapped opportunities for CO2 storage on the Norwegian shelf and its estimates show that there is room to store 80 billion tonnes of CO2 – the equivalent of 1,500 years of Norwegian emissions at the current level.
The directorate is seeing increasing interest from both established and new players looking for CO2 injection acreage. The authorities received applications from five companies following the announcement of two areas in 2021.
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