据今日油价网 4月14日报道，美国能源信息署(EIA)周四表示，3月29日，风力涡轮机发电成为美国第二大电力来源，仅次于天然气，是有记录以来首次超过煤炭和核能发电。
EIA的小时电网监测显示，3月29日，美国本土48个州的风力涡轮机发电量为2017亿瓦时(GWh)。该机构指出，今年早些时候，每天的风力发电分别超过了燃煤发电和核能发电，但没有在一天内同时超过这两个来源。
近年来，美国风电装机容量飙升，2019年9月，风电装机容量超过了核电装机容量。
EIA称，目前，风力发电是美国第三大发电来源，排在天然气发电机和燃煤发电机之后。
尽管风力发电能力在两年前就超过了核能，但风力发电的发电量仍低于核能发电，因为这两种技术的利用方式不同。
2021年，美国风力发电机的平均容量系数为35%，远低于核能发电机的平均容量系数93%。核发电机通常被设计成以全功率或接近全功率运行。
美国能源情报署(EIA)最新的短期能源展望预测显示，尽管风力发电量在某一天超过了煤炭和核能，但预计今年或明年的任何一个月，风力发电量都不会超过煤炭或核能。
美国清洁能源协会(ACP)今年2月表示，2021年，美国运营的公用事业规模的清洁电力总容量超过了200兆瓦，但同时也警告称，“重大的政策问题继续阻碍该行业的增长，并威胁到国家实现排放目标的能力。”
由于供应链问题和市场波动，今年风力发电装机容量的增长可能会放缓。
季廷伟 摘译自 今日油价网
原文如下：
U.S. Wind Surpassed Both Coal And Nuclear Power For The First Time Ever
Power generation from wind turbines was the second-largest source of electricity in the United States on March 29, behind only natural gas and surpassing both coal and nuclear power generation for the first time on record, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) said on Thursday.
On March 29, wind turbines in the Lower 48 states produced 2,017 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of electricity, EIA’s Hourly Electric Grid Monitor showed. Daily wind-powered electricity had surpassed coal-fired and nuclear electricity generation separately on other days earlier this year but had not surpassed both sources on a single day, the administration noted.
The U.S. wind power capacity installation has soared in recent years to the point where wind capacity exceeded nuclear capacity in September 2019.
Currently, wind power ranks as the third-largest source of generating capacity in the United States, behind natural gas-fired generators and coal-fired generators, the EIA said.
Despite surpassing nuclear capacity more than two years ago, wind still generated less electricity than nuclear because the two technologies differ in their utilization.
The average capacity factor of U.S. wind generators was 35 percent in 2021, much lower than the average capacity factor of nuclear generators, 93 percent in 2021. Nuclear generators are designed to run at or near full output, which they typically do.
Despite beating both coal and nuclear on a single day, wind power generation in the U.S. is not expected to surpass either coal or nuclear generation on a monthly basis in any month this year or next, the EIA’s most recent Short-Term Energy Outlook forecast showed.
The U.S. surpassed more than 200 GW of total operating utility-scale clean power capacity in 2021, the American Clean Power Association (ACP) said in February, but warned that “significant policy issues continue to hold back growth for the industry and threaten the country’s ability to meet emissions goals.”
Growth in wind power installations could slow this year due to ongoing supply chain issues.
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