2022年美国航空燃油平均消耗量低于2019年

据烃加工网12月5日报道，根据美国运输安全管理局(TSA)的报告显示，到目前为止，2022年美国的平均航空燃油消费量一直低于2019年，尽管最近几个月美国的航空乘客数量几乎回到了2019年的水平。根据《石油状况周报》的每周产品供应数据显示，2022年迄今为止，航空燃油的平均消耗量为150万桶/天。而2019年全年航空燃料的平均消费量为170万桶/天。

2020年，由于为减少疫情的传播而限制航空旅行，美国航空燃油消费量大幅下降。随着2020年下半年特别是进入2021年旅行限制和其他应对疫情大流行措施的缓解，航空燃料的消费逐渐增加。在2021年下半年，美国的消费量增长到150万桶/天，并一直保持到2022年。

自2021年7月以来，航空燃油消耗一直保持稳定，尽管运输安全管理局的乘客数据显示，2022年的航空乘客数量已接近2019年。乘客数量的增加而航空燃料需求不变可能反映了航空公司确保航班满座的措施。由于劳动力供应的限制，以及高昂的燃油价格，导致尽管乘客需求不断增长，航空公司还是整合了航班。

尽管美国今年的航空燃油消费量低于2019年，但2022年全球和美国的航空燃油供应仍然紧张。今年迄今为止，美国航空燃料库存低于前五年(2017-2021年)的平均水平。今年航空燃油供应紧张的原因有很多。

供求之间的这种更紧密的平衡导致航空燃料库存减少，价格上涨。今年春天的地缘政治冲突后，库存大幅减少。为了应对夏季的高油价，炼油商更多地利用了他们的设施，以最大限度地提高所有液体燃料的产量，航空燃料的库存仅略低于前五年的平均水平。9月和10月炼油厂的使用量减少，导致同期库存水平回落至前五年低点以下，当时炼油厂正在进行季节性维护。

郝芬 译自 烃加工网

原文如下：

Less U.S. jet fuel consumption on average in 2022 than in 2019

Average jet fuel consumption in the United States so far in 2022 has been consistently below 2019, although airline passenger counts in the United States have nearly returned to 2019 levels in recent months, based on Transportation Security Administration (TSA) reports. So far in 2022, jet fuel consumption has averaged 1.5 MMbpd, according to weekly product supplied data reported in our Weekly Petroleum Status Report. By comparison, consumption of jet fuel in all of 2019 averaged 1.7 MMbpd.

In 2020, U.S. jet fuel consumption fell significantly because of restricted air travel aimed at reducing the spread of COVID-19. As travel restrictions and other responses to the COVID-19 pandemic eased in the latter part of 2020 and especially into 2021, consumption of jet fuel gradually increased. In the second half of 2021, U.S. consumption grew to 1.5 MMbpd and has remained at that level through 2022.

Jet fuel consumption has remained somewhat steady since July 2021, although passenger data from TSA suggest that the number of air passengers has grown closer to 2019 numbers throughout 2022. The increasing number of passengers and yet unchanging jet fuel demand may reflect airlines’ measures to ensure that flights are full. Constraints on labor supply, as well as high fuel prices, have led air carriers to consolidate flights despite growing passenger demand.

Even though relatively less jet fuel has been consumed in the United States this year than in 2019, supplies of jet fuel have remained tight in 2022, both globally and in the United States. So far this year, less jet fuel has been held in U.S. inventories than the previous five-year (2017–21) average. Tighter jet fuel supplies this year stem from a number of factors.

This tighter balance between supply and demand has resulted in less jet fuel in inventories and in higher prices. During the spring, inventories decreased sharply after the war. In response to high prices during the summer, refiners made greater use of their facilities in order to maximize production of all liquid fuels, growing jet inventories to only slightly less than their previous five-year average. Less use of refineries in September and October, when refiners were undergoing seasonal maintenance, contributed to inventory levels dipping back below the previous five-year low during that time.