据彭博新闻社2023年1月29日报道，彭博新能源财经（BNEF）在其《2023年能源转型投资趋势》报告中表示，2022年全球对清洁能源转型的投资达到1.1万亿美元，大致相当于对化石燃料生产的投资。2022年以前用于转向可再生电力、电动汽车和氢气等新能源的支出从未超过1万亿美元。
虽然这一数字比2021年增长了31%，但仍然只是削减温室气体排放和应对全球变暖所需的投资的一小部分。BNEF估计，在本十年的剩余时间里，每年在转型方面的投资必须增加两倍，才能让世界有机会在2050年前实现净零排放。
太阳能发电和风力发电在2022年的绿色投资中占比最大，达到4950亿美元，比前一年增长17%。电动汽车投资紧随其后，投资金额为4660亿美元，而且全球电动汽车投资的增长速度要快得多，达到54%。全球能源转型投资的近一半(5460亿美元)在全球能源消费最大国，而美国以1410亿美元位居第二。如果欧盟作为一个单一实体计算，欧盟将以1800亿美元的投资排名第二。
据BNEF称，这1.1万亿美元的绿色投资包括投资部署清洁能源技术的资金。这还不包括去年全球用于扩大和加强电网的2740亿美元，投资清洁能源供应链和制造业的790亿美元，以及清洁技术公司筹集的1190亿美元股权融资。加在一起，用于转型的绿色投资总额将上升到约1.6万亿美元。
清洁能源投资基本上与化石燃料投资挂钩，这一点值得注意，因为在2022年，对老旧、污染能源的投资有所上升。根据BNEF公布的数据，在高油价的推动下，全球对该行业的投资大幅攀升了2140亿美元。
李峻 编译自 彭博新闻社
原文如下：
$1 Trillion Green Investment Matches Fossil Fuels For First Time
Global investments in the clean energy transition hit $1.1 trillion in 2022, roughly equal to the amount invested in fossil fuel production, the research firm said in its “Energy Transition Investment Trends 2023” report. Never before has the amount spent on switching to renewable power, electric cars and new energy sources like hydrogen topped $1 trillion.
While the amount represents a 31% jump from 2021, it’s still just a fraction of what’s needed to slash greenhouse gas emissions and fight global warming. BNEF estimates annual investments in the transition must triple for the rest of this decade to give the world a shot at reaching net-zero emissions by 2050.
Solar and wind power accounted for the biggest chunk of 2022 investments, reaching $495 billion, a 17% increase from the previous year. But electric vehicles came in close behind, with $466 billion, and the amount invested in them worldwide is growing far faster, at 54%. Nearly half of all global energy transition investments — $546 billion — were in the global larggest consumer, while the US came in second at $141 billion. (Had BNEF counted the European Union as a single entity, it would have ranked second, with $180 billion.)
The $1.1 trillion covers money invested in deploying clean-energy technologies, according to BNEF. It does not include $274 billion spent worldwide last year on expanding and strengthening power grids, $79 billion invested in clean-energy supply chains and manufacturing or $119 billion in equity financing raised by clean-tech companies. Added together, the amount invested in the transition rises to about $1.6 trillion.
That clean power investments essentially tied those in fossil fuels is notable considering investments in those older, polluting energy sources rose in 2022. Driven by high fuel prices, worldwide investment in the sector climbed a substantial $214 billion, according to BNEF.
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