澳大利亚将受益于碳捕获利用和储存

据海上能源4月21日报道，澳大利亚石油生产和勘探协会(APPEA)支持气候变化管理局（CCA）对碳捕集技术的关注，此前CCA的新报告强调了碳捕获利用和封存(CCUS)对实现净零排放的重要性，并敦促对该技术提供更多支持。

APPEA最近强调，气候变化管理局的一份新政策文件《减少、移除和储存：碳封存在加速澳大利亚脱碳中的作用》强调了CCUS对澳大利亚的“重大经济和环境效益”。

CCA发布这份报告之前，政府间气候变化专门委员会估计，到2050年，全球每年必须消除约60亿吨二氧化碳，到2100年，每年约140亿吨二氧化碳，才能有50%的机会将全球变暖控制在1.5摄氏度以下。

CCA的这份报告包含23条政策见解，作为深入研究的一部分，旨在帮助政策制定者、排放者和市场更好地了解如何扩大、加速和负责任地使用封存。

CCA委托联邦科学与工业研究组织(CSIRO)报告澳大利亚的碳封存潜力，以便能够根据碳封存在支持日益雄心勃勃的减排目标方面的作用向政府提出建议。

CCA与清洁能源监管机构合作，共同资助CSIRO技术报告和CSIRO领导的技术研讨会。该文件考虑了一系列碳封存方法，包括基于自然的解决方案。然而，正如APPEA所解释的那样，其强调“政府应该优先发展长期地质和矿物储存技术”，主要是CCUS。

APPEA首席执行官萨曼莎·麦卡洛克(Samantha McCulloch)表示，碳捕获被广泛认为对保护环境和实现净零排放至关重要，同时创造新的经济机会。油气行业支持CCA对该技术的更大方向和支持的呼吁。

据McCulloch称，由CSIRO、国际能源署（IEA）和政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）等机构支持的CCUS被视为“实现净零排放的关键”。最近的保障机制政策只会加强对碳捕获的关注，以减少排放。

在最近提交的2023—2024年联邦预算中，油气行业呼吁制定国家CCUS规划图，以提供明确的政策方向，推进碳管理中心，并促进澳大利亚成为区域二氧化碳储存的领导者。

McCulloch补充道，澳大利亚不仅有机会加速实现净零排放，而且有机会创建一个新的行业，并利用CCUS的全球势头，约有300个商业项目正在开发中。但政府领导至关重要。

此外，CCA建议“各国政府应探索风险分担方法(例如CCS中心)，包括有机会共同投资于地下盆地分析，以实现陆上和海上的地质封存，以及储存和运输的关键基础设施。

作为澳大利亚油气勘探和生产行业的有效代言者，APPEA认为，澳大利亚天然气提供了释放该国可再生能源潜力所需的“稳定可调度能源”。

澳大利亚石油生产与勘探协会（Australian Petroleum Production&Exploration Association）认为，天然气行业是“提供CCUS和低碳氢气等阶梯式变革技术的关键”，这些技术被认为是实现净零排放的“关键”，不仅在能源行业，而且在几乎没有替代脱碳技术的难以削减的行业。

McCulloch总结道，世界各国政府正在迅速增加对CCUS的支持，美国的《通货膨胀减少法案》(Inflation Reduction Act)改变了规则，为大规模部署该技术提供了重要的财政激励。

郝芬 译自 海上能源

原文如下：

Carbon capture utilisation and storage to bring ‘significant’ benefits to Australia

The Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association (APPEA) has thrown support behind the Climate Change Authority’s focus on carbon capture technology, after the importance of carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS) to reaching net-zero was highlighted in CCA’s new report, urging for more support to back the technology.

APPEA recently highlighted that a new Climate Change Authority’s policy paper, titled Reduce, remove and store: The role of carbon sequestration in accelerating Australia’s decarbonisation, underscored “the significant economic and environmental benefits” of CCUS for Australia.

The CCA released this report following estimates from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change that around 6 billion tonnes of CO2 would have to be removed per year by 2050 globally, and about 14 billion tonnes per year by 2100 for a 50 per cent chance of limiting global warming to below 1.5°C.

The Climate Change Authority’s paper contains 23 policy insights as part of a deep dive designed to help policymakers, emitters and markets better understand how sequestration can be scaled up, accelerated and used responsibly.

The CCA commissioned the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) to report on Australia’s sequestration potential to be able to base its advice to the government on the role of carbon sequestration in supporting increasingly ambitious emissions reduction targets.

The CCA partnered with the Clean Energy Regulator to co-fund the CSIRO technical report and the CSIRO-led technology workshops. The paper considers a range of carbon sequestration approaches, including nature-based solutions. However, it emphasises that the “government should prioritise the development of long-lived geological and mineral storage technologies,” primarily CCUS, as explained by APPEA.

Samantha McCulloch, APPEA Chief Executive, remarked: “Carbon capture is widely recognised as critical to protecting the environment and getting to net-zero while creating new economic opportunities. The oil and gas industry supports the CCA’s calls for greater direction and support for this technology.”

According to McCulloch, the CCUS, which is backed by authorities such as the CSIRO, the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), is seen as “critical to reaching net-zero. The recent Safeguard Mechanism policy has only strengthened the case for a greater focus on carbon capture to reduce emissions.”

In its recent 2023-24 Federal Budget Submission, the oil and gas industry called for a national CCUS roadmap to provide clear policy direction, progress carbon management hubs and promote Australia as a regional CO2 storage leader.

“Australia has an opportunity to not only accelerate to net-zero but also create a new industry and ride the wave of global momentum for CCUS, with around 300 commercial projects in development. But government leadership is critical,” added McCulloch.

Furthermore, the Climate Change Authority recommends that “governments should explore risk-sharing approaches (e.g. CCS hubs) including opportunities to co-invest in subsurface basin analyses for geological sequestration both on and offshore, and keystone infrastructure for storage and transport.”

As the effective voice of Australia’s oil and gas exploration and production industry, APPEA believes that Australian natural gas provides “the firm dispatchable energy” required to unlock the country’s renewable energy potential.

Earlier this year, APPEA pointed out that investment in new gas supply and emissions reduction measures would put sustained downward pressure on gas prices, help deliver energy security, and fast-track the path to net-zero.

The Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association sees the gas industry as “pivotal to delivering step-change technologies” such as CCUS and low-carbon hydrogen, which are perceived as “critical” to achieving net-zero, not only in the energy sector but also in hard-to-abate industries where few alternative decarbonisation technologies are available.

“Governments around the world are rapidly increasing their support for CCUS, with the Inflation Reduction Act in the United States a game changer providing significant financial incentives for large-scale deployment of the technology,” concluded McCulloch.