据美国钻井网站2023年5月29日报道，国际能源署(IEA)日前发表的最新一期的《世界能源投资报告》表明，根据对大中型石油、天然气和煤炭公司已公布支出计划的分析，今年全球化石燃料供应投资将增加6%以上，达到大约9500亿美元。
对于上游石油和天然气领域，IEA预计今年的支出将增加7%，超过5000亿美元，与2019年的水平相当。然而，其中大约一半的增加可能会被成本上涨所吸收。
IEA称，许多大型石油和天然气公司在去年实现了历史最高利润，但大部分收入都被用于股息分配、股票回购和偿还债务——只有大型中东国家石油公司今年的支出高于去年。报告称，与疫情前的水平相比，中东国家石油公司是目前该行业支出增加的唯一子集。
IEA报告称，去年石油和天然气行业在低排放替代品(包括碳捕获技术)上的资本支出不到其上游支出的5%，与2021年的比例相当。
清洁能源投资增加
IEA表示，地缘政治冲突带来的化石燃料市场波动，加速了清洁能源技术的发展势头。
尽管地缘政治冲突导致了对石油和天然气供应的短期争夺，但该报告指出，去年清洁能源投资的预计年增长率将达到24%，超过2021年的15%。疫情造成的经济衰退的复苏也大大促进了这些投资。然而，报告称，清洁能源支出的增加仍局限于以欧盟、美国和日本为首的几个国家和地区。
在今年预计的2.8万亿美元能源投资中，超过1.7万亿美元将投入清洁能源，其余将投入化石燃料和电力。在这大约1万亿美元的资金中，预计约85%将投资于石油和天然气，15%投资于煤炭。
报告中提到的清洁能源投资包括可再生能源、核能、电网、储能、低排放燃料、提高效率以及最终使用的可再生能源和电气化。
李峻 编译自 美国钻井网站
原文如下：
Fossil Fuel Supply Spending to Rise Six Percent in 2023: IEA
based on an analysis of the announced spending plans of large- and medium-sized oil, gas and coal companies, fossil fuel supply investments are set to rise by more than six percent to around $950 billion for 2023, according to the latest World Energy Investment Report by the International Energy Agency (IEA).
For upstream oil and gas, the agency projects spending to increase by seven percent for the year to over $500 billion, matching 2019 levels. However, around half of the increase will likely be absorbed by cost inflation, it said.
Many large oil and gas companies reported record profits in 2022, but most of the revenue has gone into dividends, share buybacks and debt repayment—only large Middle Eastern national oil companies are spending more this year compared to last year, the IEA said. They are the only subset of the industry spending more currently compared to pre-pandemic levels, according to the report.
The oil and gas industry’s capital spending on low-emissions alternatives, including carbon capture technologies, was less than five percent of its upstream spending in 2022, which is equivalent to last year’s percentage, the IEA reported.
Rise in Clean Energy Investment
The volatility in fossil fuel markets brought about by the war has “accelerated momentum” in clean energy technologies, the IEA said.
Although the war led to a short-term scramble for oil and gas supplies, the report stated that the projected growth in annual clean energy investment for 2023 would be 24 percent, surpassing the 15 percent increase in 2021. The recovery from the economic slump caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has also provided a significant boost to these investments. However, the increase in clean energy spending is still limited to several countries and regions, led by the European Union, the USA and Japan, according to the report.
Of the projected $2.8 trillion investment in energy for the year, more than $1.7 trillion would be put into clean energy, while the rest would go to fossil fuel and power. Of this roughly $1 trillion amount, around 85 percent is expected to be invested in oil and gas, and 15 percent in coal.
Clean energy investments mentioned in the report include renewable power, nuclear, grids, storage, low-emission fuels, efficiency improvements and end-use renewables and electrification.
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