据油价网2023年6月15日报道，IEA在最近发布的一份报告中预测，阿曼有望成为世界上最大的氢气供应国之一。
这个海湾小国目前大约60%的出口收入来自石油和天然气，但它为自己设定了雄心勃勃的净零目标，这将涉及利用其低碳能源潜力，IEA指出，这一点很重要。
天然气几乎占阿曼发电量的全部，但随着它利用风能和太阳能发电能力，这种情况即将改变。IEA表示，同样的产能将用于从淡化的海水中生产绿色氢气，到2030年前，阿曼将成为全球第六大氢气出口国。
阿曼计划到2030年前生产100万吨绿色氢气，五年后进一步扩大到每年375万吨，到2050年达到每年850万吨。
目前，阿曼以氨气形式出口的氢气只占这个数量一小部分，许多人认为氨气是长途运输中最好的氢气形式。阿曼目前的氨气年出口量约为20万吨。
IEA表示，阿曼要成为一个氢气出口大国，需要把氨气年产能增加20到30倍。
“对我们来说，最经济合理的行动是着手将其作为未来最可行和可持续能源，包括脱碳发电、当地工业和氢气出口。”阿曼能源部长在对IEA预测的评论中援引《国家报》的报道说。
然而，阿曼要想成为一个绿色氢气出口大国，就需要大力投资建设这种战略所需的所有风能和太阳能产能。IEA估计，要在2030年生产氢气，需要大约50太瓦时的电力。IEA指出，这比阿曼目前的总发电量还要多。
李峻 编译自 油价网
原文如下：
The IEA Believes Oman Could Become A World Leader In Hydrogen
Oman could turn into one of the biggest hydrogen suppliers in the world, the International Energy Agency has forecast in a recent report.
The tiny Gulf sultanate currently generates some 60% of its export earnings from oil and gas but has set itself ambitious net-zero targets that would involve leveraging its low-carbon energy potential, which the IEA notes is significant.
Natural gas accounts for almost all of the country’s electricity generation, the agency also noted, but this is about to change as it utilizes its wind and solar capacity. The same capacity will be used to produce green hydrogen from desalinated sea water, the IEA said, turning Oman into the sixth-largest exporter of hydrogen globally by 2030.
Oman plans to be producing 1 million tons of so-called green hydrogen by 2030, further expanding that to 3.75 million tons annually five years later and to 8.5 million tons annually by 2050.
Currently, the country exports a fraction of that amount in the form of ammonia, which is considered by many to be the best form of hydrogen for long-distance transportation. Oman’s annual export rate right now is some 200,000 tons of ammonia.
The IEA says this needs to rise 20 to 30 times for Oman to become a big hydrogen exporter.
“The most economically rational action for us is to embark on using this as the most viable and sustainable energy of tomorrow, including decarbonising power generation, local industry and hydrogen production for export,” the Energy Minister of the sultanate said, as quoted by The National, in comments on the IEA forecast.
For Oman to turn into a big green hydrogen player, however, it would need to invest heavily in building all the wind and solar capacity such a strategy would require. The IEA estimated that it would need some 50 TWh of electricity to produce the hydrogen it wants to produce in 2030. This is more than Oman’s total electricity output at the moment, the agency pointed out.
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