据今日石油网站2023年6月29日报道，总部位于英国的能源研究所汇编的数据显示，尽管疫情结束后可再生能源的增长率持续突破历史最高水平，但化石燃料仍在满足全球80%以上的能源需求。
能源研究所在其《世界能源统计评论》中表示，全球一次性能源消费增长了1%，2022年全球石油日消费量增长近300万桶，达到9730万桶，比2019年的水平低0.7%。化石燃料与天然气和煤炭一起，占全球能源结构的82%。
能源研究所表示，如果亚洲大国需求恢复与世界其他地区一致，这个国家的石油日需求量将增加100万桶，化石燃料在全球能源结构中的占比将升至83%。
根据之前的年度评估，2021年化石燃料占一次性能源消费的82%，低于2019年的83%和5年前的85%。数据显示，去年石油在全球能源结构中的份额约为33%，但在1973年达到50%的峰值后，过去40年一直在稳步下降。
去年，全球天然气需求量下降3%。今年，其在一次性能源消费中所占的份额略有下降至24%。但煤炭需求量继续增长，2021年增长0.6%，至161艾焦（Ej）；根据能源研究所的数据，这是自2014年以来的最高煤炭消费水平。
尽管可再生能源的增长率创历史最高水平，但化石燃料在能源结构中的弹性依然存在。在欧洲，天然气和煤炭消费量也有所增加，以填补德国和法国核电产量下降带来的缺口。能源研究所说，去年风能和太阳能的新增装机容量增幅创历史新高，它们在发电总量中所占的份额达到历史最高水平的12%，其中太阳能和风能分别增长25%和13.5%。
能源研究所表示，尽管起点较低，而且远远落后于实现《巴黎协定》气候目标所需的大多数清洁能源水平的预测，但可再生能源的增长仍然强劲。
李峻 译自 今日石油网站
原文如下：
Renewables surge but fossil fuels still dominating global energy industry
Fossil fuels continue to meet more than 80% of the world’s energy needs despite a continued record growth rate of renewable energy in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, according to data compiled by the UK-based Energy Institute.
Global primary energy consumption grew by 1%, with global oil consumption rising almost 3 million b/d to 97.3 million b/d in 2022, 0.7% below 2019 levels, the Institute said in its Statistical Review of World Energy. Together with gas and coal, fossil fuels made up 82% of the global energy mix.
Had the biggest country's demand recovered in line with the rest of the world, oil demand in the world’s biggest import market would have been 1 million b/d higher, the Institute said, pushing fossil fuels to 83% of the global mix.
Fossil fuels accounted for 82% of primary energy in 2021, according to the previous annual review, down from 83% in 2019 and 85% five years ago. Oil’s share of the global energy mix was around 33% last year although it has been falling steadily over the past four decades after hitting a peak of 50% in 1973, according to the data.
In 2022, global natural gas demand declined by 3%. Its share in primary energy in 2022 decreased slightly to 24%. But coal demand continued to grow, rising 0.6% on 2021 to 161 exajoules (Ej)；the highest level of coal consumption since 2014, according to the Energy Institute.
Fossil fuel resilience in the energy mix comes despite record growth rates for renewable energy. In Europe, gas and coal consumption also saw a boost to fill the gap from lower nuclear power output in Germany and France. Last year saw the largest-ever increase in wind and solar new build capacity, the Institute said, noting that, together, they reached a record 12% share of power generation, with solar up 25% and wind up 13.5%.
Although starting from a low base and running well behind most projections for clean energy levels needed to meet the Paris Agreement climate targets, the growth of renewable energy remained robust, the Institute said.
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