据管道&天然气杂志网7月3日报道，根据工业信息资源公司IIR(Industrial Info Resources)的研究显示，美国是液化天然气出口的全球主要力量，支持全球能源安全，考虑到最终投资决定（FID）预计将带来数十亿美元的收益，这一潜力可能会更大。
对美国液化天然气的主要出口商之一切尼尔能源公司来说，6月是忙碌的一个月。
上周，与挪威能源巨头Equinor达成了类似的协议。切尼尔表示，这两项协议都将支持该公司在路易斯安那州Cameron Parish的萨宾帕斯出口终端的扩建计划。
切尼尔目前有6条生产线在运行，峰值产能为每天45.6亿立方英尺。另一条生产线的计划将把运力提高到53.2亿立方英尺/天。
算上萨宾帕斯的扩建项目，IIR发现，从现在到2024年有价值275亿美元的FID即将或等待批准。紧随其后的是卡塔尔，预计到明年潜在FID将达到150亿美元。
IIR负责油气研究副总裁Gordon Gorrie表示，“我们在美国有一个良好的开端，有两个项目已经获得FID批准，即森普拉的亚瑟港项目，年产能为660万吨，全球风投（Venture Global）的Plaquemines二期项目，年产能为1350万吨”。
根据联邦数据显示，在6月21日当周内，22艘满载液化天然气的船只离开美国出口码头，总共运送了820亿立方英尺的液化天然气。相比之下，2019年同期仅为391亿立方英尺，这还不包括疫情因素和地缘政治冲突影响。
在短期内，液化天然气出口能力将以递增的速度增长。根据联邦数据显示，从2022年到2023年，液化产能预计将增加14%，达到121亿立方英尺/天，但从现在到2024年，这一扩张速度将放缓至5%，届时产能将达到127亿立方英尺/天。资本流动表明，这一速度将加快。
液化天然气增长的势头在资本流动中表现得很明显。去年，美国的FID总额为182亿美元，而根据工业信息公司的历史数据显示，2021年的投资并没有任何变化。
预计到9月，还有Calcasieu Pass终端的几条生产线将上线。除此之外，得克萨斯州黄金通道的三条生产线预计2025年投入使用，路易斯安那州Plaquemines终端的两个阶段也将投入使用。与此同时，亚瑟港的两条生产线已在建造中，预计将于2027年完工。
郝芬 译自 管道&天然气杂志网
原文如下：
Research Shows US LNG Sector Poised for Nearly $30 Billion in FIDs
The U.S. is a global leader in exports of LNG, supporting global energy security, and there could be even more potential given the billions of dollars expected from final investment decisions (FIDs), according to research by Industrial Info Resources.
It's been a busy month for Cheniere Energy Inc., among the lead exporters of U.S.-sourced LNG. The company on June 26 signed a 20-year sale and purchase agreement with a division of China's ENN Natural Gas Company Ltd.
That followed a similar agreement reached last week with Norwegian energy major Equinor. Both agreements, Cheniere said, would support planned expansions to its Sabine Pass export terminal in Cameron Parish, Louisiana.
Cheniere has six trains running now with a combined capacity of 4.56 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in peak nameplate capacity. Plans for another train would boost that capacity to 5.32 Bcf/d.
Counting expansions to Sabine Pass, Industrial Info finds there are $27.5 billion worth of FIDs that are either upcoming or awaiting approval between now and 2024. The next closest is Qatar, with an expected $15 billion in potential FIDs by next year.
"We are off to a good start here in the U.S. with two projects already obtaining FID approval, namely Sempra's Port Arthur rated at 6.6 million tonnes per annum and Venture Global's Plaquemines Phase II rated at 13.5 million tonnes per annum," said Gordon Gorrie, IIR's vice president of oil and gas research, said.
Federal data show 22 vessels laden with LNG left U.S. export terminals during the seven-day period ending June 21, carrying a combined 82 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of gas in the liquid form. That compares to just 39.1 Bcf during the comparable week in 2019, to discount both the pandemic and the war.
The momentum for LNG is apparent in capital flows. FIDs in the U.S. totaled $18.2 billion last year and Industrial Info data show nothing moving in investments during 2021.
Over the short-term horizon, LNG export capacity expands at an incremental pace. From 2022 to 2023, federal data show an expected 14% increase in liquefaction capacity to 12.1 Bcf/d, but the expansion slows to 5% between now and 2024, when capacity reaches 12.7 Bcf/d.
But the capital flows suggest the pace will pick up. Several more trains are expected to come online from the Calcasieu Pass terminal by September. Beyond that, a three-train facility at Golden Pass in Texas should be online by 2025, as will both phases of the Plaquemines terminal in Louisiana. Two trains, meanwhile, are already under construction at Port Arthur, where construction should be completed by 2027.
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