据烃加工网7月10日报道，去年，以产品供应量衡量，美国西海岸的馏分油消费量降至2002年以来的最低水平，今年有望进一步下降。越来越多地使用生物燃料来代替石油柴油是造成这种下降的主要原因。可再生柴油在该地区柴油市场的份额越来越大，因为清洁燃料计划为消费可再生柴油提供了驱动力。可再生柴油和生物柴油是可以代替石油馏分燃料油使用的生物燃料。馏分燃料油是一种精炼石油产品，主要用作汽车柴油燃料。
可再生柴油在化学上与石油基柴油相同，但它是用脂肪、油或润滑脂而不是石油制成的。可再生柴油是石油馏分的直接替代品，它可以在任何浓度的柴油发动机中使用。
生物柴油的使用方式与可再生柴油相同，使用相同原料，但它与石油馏分混合(浓度为20%或更低)供车辆使用，因为它在化学上与石油馏分不同。
生物柴油和可再生柴油都是为了符合可再生燃料标准（RFS）这份联邦计划，计划要求在美国销售的运输燃料至少包含指定的最低限度可再生燃料。这些生物燃料也用于满足加利福尼亚州的低碳燃料标准（LCFS）、俄勒冈州的清洁燃料计划和华盛顿的清洁燃料计划，这些计划旨在降低运输燃料的碳强度。
2022年1月，美国可再生柴油消费量首次超过生物柴油消费量，并从那时起持续增加。可再生柴油的消费量相对于生物柴油的消费量有所增长，这是因为：
根据RFS计划，可再生柴油比生物柴油获得更多的信用额度；
炼油商可以把他们的装置改造成生产可再生柴油而不是石油产品；
可再生柴油厂比生物柴油厂大，可以利用规模经济的优势；
可再生柴油可以以任何浓度混合，在寒冷中比生物柴油表现更好；
可再生柴油可以通过与石油柴油相同的管道输送。
据EIA估计，加州几乎消耗了全国所有的可再生柴油。加州没有消耗的大部分可再生柴油都被俄勒冈州和华盛顿州等实施清洁燃料计划的州所消耗，这三个州都是美国西海岸地区的一部分。
由于加州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的生物燃料消费量较高，美国可再生柴油消费量的增长对西海岸馏分油消费的影响更为明显。
2022年和2023年前三个月馏分燃料油消费量的下降只有西海岸。在美国其他地区，馏分燃料油消耗量已恢复至疫情前水平。西海岸和美国其他地区馏分燃料油消费量之间的差异表明，在西海岸生物燃料消费量已经取代了馏分燃料油消费量。
郝芬 译自 烃加工网
原文如下:
Biofuels are displacing petroleum-based distillate fuel oil consumption on the West Coast
Last year, U.S. West Coast distillate consumption, as measured by product supplied, was at its lowest since 2002 and is on track to fall further this year. The growing use of biofuels instead of petroleum diesel is the primary cause for the decline. Renewable diesel has a growing share of the region’s diesel fuel market because clean-fuel programs have provided incentives for consuming it.
Renewable diesel and biodiesel are biofuels that can be used in place of petroleum distillate fuel oil. Distillate fuel oil is a refined petroleum product primarily used as diesel fuel in vehicles.
Renewable diesel is chemically identical to petroleum-based diesel fuel but is made using fats, oils, or greases rather than petroleum. Renewable diesel is a drop-in replacement for petroleum distillate; it can be used in diesel engines in any concentration.
Biodiesel is used the same way as renewable diesel and is made with the same feedstocks, but it’s blended (in concentrations of 20% or less) with petroleum distillate for vehicle use because it is chemically different from petroleum distillate.
Both biodiesel and renewable diesel are used to comply with the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), a federal program that requires transportation fuel sold in the United States to contain at least a specified minimum of renewable fuels. These biofuels are also used to meet California’s Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS), Oregon’s Clean Fuels Program, and Washington’s Clean Fuels Program. These programs aim to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuel.
In January 2022, U.S. renewable diesel consumption surpassed biodiesel consumption for the first time and has continued to increase since then. Renewable diesel consumption has grown relative to biodiesel consumption because:
Renewable diesel receives more credits under the RFS program than biodiesel.
Petroleum refiners can convert their units to produce renewable diesel instead of petroleum products.
Renewable diesel plants are larger than biodiesel plants and can take advantage of economies of scale.
Renewable diesel can be blended in any concentration and performs better in the cold than biodiesel.
Renewable diesel can be transported through the same pipelines as petroleum diesel.
Almost all of the country’s renewable diesel fuel is consumed in California, according to EIA estimates. Much of the renewable diesel not consumed in California is consumed in other states with clean fuel programs, such as Oregon and Washington. All three states are part of the U.S. West Coast region.
The growth in U.S. renewable diesel consumption had a more pronounced effect on West Coast distillate fuel consumption because of high biofuel consumption in California, Oregon, and Washington.
The decline in distillate fuel oil consumption in 2022 and in the first three months of 2023 is unique to the West Coast. In the rest of the United States, distillate fuel oil consumption increased, returning to pre-pandemic levels. The discrepancy in distillate fuel oil consumption between the West Coast and the rest of the United States demonstrates how much biofuel consumption has been displacing distillate fuel oil consumption on the West Coast.
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