去年谁是全球最大石油生产国和消耗国?

据美国钻井网站2023年7月28日报道，英国能源研究所(EI)发表的最新一期《世界能源统计年鉴》报告显示，去年美国以日产1777万桶的石油产量位居全球第一。

报告显示，这一数字同比增长6.5%，占去年全球石油总产量的18.9%。报告强调，从2012年到2022年，美国石油产量的年增长率为7.1%。

根据报告，美国石油日产量在2021年为1667.9万桶，2020年为1649.2万桶，2019年为1713.9万桶，2018年为1532.3万桶，2017年为1314.2万桶，2016年为1235.7万桶，2015年为1278.4万桶，2014年为1180.8万桶，2013年为1010.3万桶，2012年为893.2万桶。

报告指出，去年全球石油产量第二高的国家是沙特阿拉伯，平均日产量为1213.6万桶，沙特阿拉伯的石油产量同比增长10.8%，占去年全球石油总产量的12.9%。

报告强调，去年全球石油平均日总产量为9384.8万桶，比2021年增长4.2%。其中，非欧佩克国家的石油日产量为5980.8万桶，欧佩克国家的石油日产量为3403.8万桶。

EI评估的石油产量数据包括原油、页岩油、油砂、凝析油(包括伴生气凝析油或天然气凝析油)和天然气液体(天然气液体——从天然气生产中分离出来的乙烷、液化石油气和石脑油)。 它不包括其他来源的液体燃料，如生物燃料和煤和天然气的合成衍生物，以及炼油加工增益等液体燃料调整因素。它也不包括以固体形式提取的油页岩/油母岩。

石油消费

报告显示，去年全球石油消费量最高的国家也是美国，为日均1914万桶。这一数字同比增长1.9%，占去年全球石油消费总量的19.7%。报告强调，从2012年到2022年，美国石油需求增加了0.9%。

报告显示，2021年美国国内石油日消费总量为1878.5桶，2020年为1718.3万桶，2019年为1942.4万桶，2018年为1941.7万桶，2017年为1884.5万桶，2016年为1859.3万桶，2015年为1849.9万桶，2014年为1811.1万桶，2013年为1799.2万桶，2012年为1758.1万桶。

去年印度石油消费量排名全球第三，日均518.5万桶。报告强调，印度的石油消费量同比增长8.1%，占去年全球石油总消费量的5.3%。

报告概述称，去年全球的石油日消费总量为9730.9万桶，同比增长3.1%。非经合组织国家的石油日消费需求为5220.2万桶，而经合组织国家的石油日消费需求为4510.8万桶。

EI评估的石油消费数据包括国内需求，加上国际航空和海洋燃料以及炼油厂的燃料和损失。

生物汽油(如乙醇)和生物柴油的消费量不包括在内，而煤炭和天然气的衍生物则包括在内。

美国原油产量

EI的评估报告显示，去年美国原油和凝析油的日产量为1188.7万桶。评估的原油和凝析油数据包括原油、页岩油/致密油、油砂、伴生气凝析油或需要进一步精炼的天然气凝析油，不包括其他来源的液体燃料，如生物质、煤和天然气的合成衍生物。

在7月早些时候发布的最新短期能源展望(STEO)报告中，美国能源信息署(EIA)强调，去年美国原油平均日产量为1189万桶，预计今年日均为1256万桶，2024年为1285万桶。

在STEO报告中包含的季度细分中，EIA概述了去年第一季度美国原油平均日产量为1147万桶，第二季度为1170万桶，第三季度为1206万桶，第四季度为1231万桶。

根据STEO报告公布的数据，今年第一季度美国原油平均日产量为1261万桶，第二季度为1255万桶，第三季度预计为1248万桶，第四季度预计为1263万桶。

STEO报告还预计，明年第一季度美国原油平均日产量为1267万桶，第二季度为1271万桶，第三季度为1288万桶，第四季度为1313万桶。

李峻 译自 美国钻井网站

原文如下：

Who Were the Biggest Oil Producers and Consumers in 2022?

According to the latest statistical review of world energy, which was published by the Energy Institute (EI) recently, the U.S. was the biggest oil producer last year with 17.770 million barrels per day.

That figure marked a 6.5 percent increase year on year and 18.9 percent of the total oil production in 2022, the review showed. From 2012 to 2022, the yearly growth rate of U.S. oil production has come in at 7.1 percent, the review highlighted.

U.S. oil production was 16.679 million barrels per day in 2021, 16.492 million barrels per day in 2020, 17.139 million barrels per day in 2019, 15.323 million barrels per day in 2018, 13.142 million barrels per day in 2017, 12.357 million barrels per day in 2016, 12.784 million barrels per day in 2015, 11.808 million barrels per day in 2014, 10.103 million barrels per day in 2013, and 8.932 million barrels per day in 2012, according to the review.

The country with the second highest oil production figure in 2022 was Saudi Arabia, with 12.136 million barrels per day. Saudi Arabia’s oil production figure was a 10.8 percent increase year on year and 12.9 percent of the 2022 total.

Total world oil production in 2022 was 93.848 million barrels per day, which marked a 4.2 percent increase from 2021, the review highlighted. Of this figure, non-OPEC countries produced 59.808 million barrels per day and OPEC countries produced 34.038 million barrels per day, according to the review.

The EI review’s oil production figures include crude oil, shale oil, oil sands, condensates (lease condensate or gas condensates that require further refining), and NGLs (natural gas liquids – ethane, LPG and naphtha separated from the production of natural gas). It excludes liquid fuels from other sources, such as biofuels and synthetic derivatives of coal and natural gas, and liquid fuel adjustment factors such as refinery processing gain. It also excludes oil shales/kerogen extracted in solid form.

Oil Consumption

The country with the highest oil consumption figure in 2022 was also the U.S., with 19.140 million barrels per day, the review revealed.

This figure marked a 1.9 percent year on year growth and 19.7 percent of last year’s total oil consumption, according to the review, which highlighted that U.S. oil demand has grown 0.9 percent from 2012 to 2022.

Total oil consumption in the country came in at 18.785 million barrels per day in 2021, 17.183 million barrels per day in 2020, 19.424 million barrels per day in 2019, 19.417 million barrels per day in 2018, 18.845 million barrels per day in 2017, 18.593 million barrels per day in 2016, 18.499 million barrels per day in 2015, 18.111 million barrels per day in 2014, 17.992 million barrels per day in 2013, and 17.581 million barrels per day in 2012, the review showed.

The third highest oil consumption figure in 2022,at 5.185 million barrels per day, the review outlined. India’s figure represented an 8.1 percent year on year gain and 5.3 percent of the 2022 total, the review highlighted.

Total oil consumption last year came in at 97.309 million barrels per day, which marked a 3.1 percent year on year increase, the review outlined. Non-OECD demand came in at 52.202 million barrels per day, while OECD demand was 45.108 million barrels per day, according to the review.

The EI review’s oil consumption figures include inland demand, plus international aviation and marine bunkers and refinery fuel and loss. Consumption of biogasoline (such as ethanol) and biodiesel are excluded, while derivatives of coal and natural gas are included.

USA Crude Oil Production

U.S. crude oil and condensate production came in at 11.887 million barrels per day in 2022, the EI review revealed. The review’s crude oil and condensate figures include crude oil, shale/tight oil, oil sands, and lease condensate or gas condensates that require further refining, and exclude liquid fuels from other sources such as biomass and synthetic derivatives of coal and natural gas.

In its latest short term energy outlook (STEO), which was released earlier this month, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) highlighted that U.S. crude oil production averaged 11.89 million barrels per day last year and projected that it would average 12.56 million barrels per day in 2023 and 12.85 million barrels per day in 2024.

In a quarterly breakdown included in the STEO, the EIA outlined that U.S. crude oil output averaged 11.47 million barrels per day in the first quarter of 2022, 11.70 million barrels per day in the second quarter, 12.06 million barrels per day in the third quarter, and 12.31 million barrels per day in the fourth quarter of last year.

U.S. crude oil production came in at 12.61 million barrels per day in the first quarter of this year and 12.55 million barrels per day in the second quarter, according to the STEO, which projected that U.S. crude oil output would average 12.48 million barrels per day in the third quarter of this year and 12.63 million barrels per day in the fourth quarter of 2023.

The STEO also anticipated that U.S. crude oil production would average 12.67 million barrels per day in the first quarter of 2024, 12.71 million barrels per day in the second quarter of 2024, 12.88 million barrels in the third quarter of 2024, and 13.13 million barrels per day in the fourth quarter of next year.